Hip

Question 1

Femur’s Angle of Inclination

Answer 1

~140-150 degrees in Kids
125 degrees in adults

Question 2

Coxa Vara

Answer 2

Less than 125 degrees angle of inclination of femoral head towards acetabulum;
Patients have limited abduction range of motion

Question 3

Coxa Valga

Answer 3

More than 125 degrees angle of inclination of femoral head towards acetabulum;
Patients stand more abducted

Question 4

Pros & Cons of Coxa Vara

Answer 4

(~90 degrees)
Pro: increased moment arm for rotation at hip & improved joint stability
Con: Increased bending moment arm which increases shear force on femoral neck & has decreased functional length

Question 5

Pros & Cons of Coxa Valga

Answer 5

Pros: decreased bending moment arm & decreased shear force & increased functional length of hip abd. muscles
Cons: Decreased moment arm & alignment favors joint dislocation

Question 6

Femoral Torsion Angle

Answer 6

Normal Anteversion = 10-15 degrees
Excessive = >15 degrees
Retroversion = <15 degrees

Question 7

Excessive Anteversion presents as ______ clinically.

Answer 7

Toe-in gait

Question 8

Retroversion presents as ______ clinically.

Answer 8

Toe-out gait

Question 9

Center-Edge Angle

Answer 9

~35 degrees of Acetabular Alignment with femoral head (how much it covers)

Question 10

Acetabular Anteversion Angle

Answer 10

~20 degrees anterior

Question 11

Iliofemoral Ligament limits:

Answer 11

Excessive extension and excessive external rotation
(Some people “stand on it”)

Question 12

Pubofemoral Ligament limits:

Answer 12

Hip Abduction & Hip Extension

Question 13

Ischiofemoral Ligament limits:

Answer 13

Hip Internal Rotation (esp. 10-20 degrees of abduction) and Hip Flexion

Question 14

Ligaments of Hip in Close-packed position:

Answer 14

Full extension, with slight internal rotation & abduction is when ligaments are tightest

Question 15

Ligaments of Hip in Open-packed position:

Answer 15

30 degrees flexion, 30 degrees abduction and slight internal rotation

Question 16

Hip Open Chain

Answer 16

Femur on Pelvis

Question 17

Hip Close Chain

Answer 17

Pelvis on Femur

Question 18

Osteokinematics: Hip Flexion

Answer 18

120 degrees w/ knee flexed
80 degrees w/ knee extended

Question 19

Why can you get greater hip flexion when knee is flexed?

Answer 19

Hamstrings are in shortened position allowing for additional lengthening

Question 20

Osteokinematics: Hip Extension

Answer 20

20 degrees
(Reduced w/ knee bent b/c of Rectus Femoris)

Question 21

Osteokinematics: Hip Abduction

Answer 21

40 degrees

Question 22

Osteokinematics: Hip Adduction

Answer 22

25 degrees

Question 23

Osteokinematics: Hip Internal Rotation

Answer 23

35 degrees

Question 24

Osteokinematics: Hip External Rotation

Answer 24

45 degrees

Question 25

Hip Flexion (open-chain) Roll&Slide

Answer 25

Anterior/Superior Roll Posterior/Inferior Slide

Question 26

Hip Extension (Open-chain) Roll & Slide

Answer 26

Posterior/Superior Roll Anterior/Inferior Slide

Question 27

Hip Abduction (Open-chain) Roll&Slides

Answer 27

Superior Roll Inferior Slide

Question 28

Hip Adduction (Open-chain) Roll&Slide

Answer 28

Inferior Roll Superior Slide

Question 29

Hip Internal Rotation (Open-chain)

Answer 29

Anterior Roll Posterior Slide

Question 30

Hip External Rotation (Open-chain) Roll&Slide

Answer 30

Posterior Roll Anterior Slide

Question 31

Hip Flexion (Closed-chain) Roll&Slide

Answer 31

Anterior/Superior Roll & Slide

Question 32

Hip Extension (Closed-chain) Roll&Slide

Answer 32

Posterior/Superior Roll & Slide

Question 33

Hip Abduction (Closed-chain) Roll&Slide

Answer 33

Superior Roll & Slide

Question 34

Hip Adduction (Closed-chain) Roll&Slide

Answer 34

Inferior Roll & Slide

Question 35

Hip Internal Rotation (Closed-chain) Roll&Slide

Answer 35

Anterior Roll & Slide

Question 36

Hip External Rotation (Closed-chain) Roll&Slide

Answer 36

Posterior Roll & Slide

Question 37

On which side of the body should you direct a patient to use a cane?

Answer 37

Opposite of the affected side. -reduces amount of torque hip abductors have to create -reduces HAF (hip abd force) -reduces Hip JRF

Question 38

Which side of the body should you suggest a patient hold a bag if they present with Trendelenburg gait?

Answer 38

On the Ipsilateral side -provides torque in same direction has hip abductors -reduces HAF -reduces Hip JRF

Question 39

Why to individuals with Trendelenburg sometimes have a trunk lean?

Answer 39

It helps reduce JRF

Question 40

Hip Arthroplasty precautions with posterior approach

Answer 40

No Flexion > 90 degrees No ADD past neutral No Internal Rotation

Question 41

Hip Arthroplasty precautions with anterior approach

Answer 41

No Extension No ABD past neutral No External Rotation