Hip

Question 1

ROMs

Answer 1

Flexion ~120-130º
Extension ~15-20º
Abduction ~ 40-45º
Adduction ~25-30º
Internal rotation (in neutral and 90o flexion) ~ 25-35º
External rotation (in neutral and 90o flexion) ~ 45º

Question 2

Bony palpation

Answer 2

Iliac crests
Iliac tubercles (approx. 5cm posterior to ASIS)
Anterior superior iliac spines (ASIS)
Greater trochanters
Pubic tubercles (immediately lateral to pubic symph.)
Posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS)
Sacrum
Inferior lateral angle of sacrum (ILA)
Ischial tuberosity
Coccyx (prone only)

Question 3

Flexor (anterior) palpation

Answer 3

Psoas (PA: TP, IVD’s, vertebrae T12-L5, DA: Lesser Troch)
Iliacus (PA: Ilicaus, DA: LT)
Rectus femoris (PA: AIIS, DA: Tib tube)
Sartorius (PA: ASIS, DA: Pes Anserine)

Question 4

Pelvic soft tissue palpation

Answer 4

1. Trochanteric Bursa (over and inf. to GT)
2. Iliotibial band (ITB) (latiliac crest – lateral tibial condyle)
3. Piriformis (sacrum – GT)
4. Sciatic Nerve (mid piriformis: middle of line from S2-GT)

Question 5

Adductor (medial) palpation

Answer 5

Adductor longus (PA: Pubic Body, DA: Mid 1/3 Linea Aspera)
Gracilis (PA: Body and IR of Pubis, DA: Pes anserine)
Adductor magnus
- Adductor Part: (PA: inf. Ramus Pubis, ischial ramus, DA: Glute Tube, Linea aspera, med. s/c line)
- Hamstring Part: (PA: Ischial Tube, DA: Adductor tube of femur)

Question 6

Abductor (lateral) palpation

Answer 6

Gluteus medius & minimus (PA: External Ilium, DA: Greater Troch)
TFL (PA: ASIS, DA: ITB)

Question 7

Extensor (posterior) palpation

Answer 7

Glute max (PA: Post ilium, scarum, coccyx, sacrotubelig, DA: ITB)
Hamstrings:
Biceps femoris(common DA: Fib head)
- Long Head (PA: IschTube)
- Short Head (PA: Linea aspera+ lats/c line) Semitendinosus (PA: Ischial Tube, DA: Pes Anserine) Semimembranosus (PA: Ischial Tube, DA: Post. Med. Tib Condyle)

Question 8

Femoral triangle palpation (FROG LEG POSITION)

Answer 8

1.Borders
(- Superior: inguinal ligament (ASIS – pubic tubercle)
- Medial: adductor longus (covered)
- Lateral: Sartorius (covered)
- Floor- iliopsoas & pectineus)
2.Contents
Femoral nerve, ARTERY & vein (latto med)
- Pneumonic = NAVY (nerve, artery, vein, Y-fronts)

Question 9

Joint Play

Answer 9

Traction
Circumduction
Compression

Question 10

Orthopaedic tests

Answer 10

FADDIR test
Flexion/Internal Rotation Test
Trendelenburg test
Resisted hip abduction
Squeeze test
FABER test

Question 11

Exercises

Answer 11

Strength:
Clamshell
Banded Hip Adduction
Glute Bridge

Mobility:
Seated Gluteal Mobilisation
Kneeling Hip Flexor Stretch
Standing Adductor Stretch

Question 12

Bursae

Answer 12

Trochanteric bursa