General Flashcards
Motor strength test grading
5: Normal: Complete ROM against gravity with full resistance
4: Good: Complete ROM against gravity with some resistance
3: Okay: Complete ROM against gravity with no resistance; active ROM
2: Poor: Complete ROM with some assistance and gravity eliminated
1: Trace: Evidence of slight muscular contraction, no joint motion evident
0: No evidence of muscle contraction
What does TART stand for?
Tenderness
Asymmetry
Range of Motion (altered)
Tissue texture change
Which barrier does active ROM test?
Physiological barrier
Which barrier does passive ROM and Joint Play test?
Elastic barrier
What is the anatomical barrier?
The theoretical limit of movement before tissue damage occurs
What is a red flag?
A sign or symptom that indicates the possible or probable presence of a serious medical condition that can cause irreversible disability or untimely death unless managed properly
Name 10 red flags
- Onset of new complaint (under 20, over 50)
- Persistent night pain
- Constant remitting pain
- Pain that does not change with position/movement
- Loss of appetite
- Unexplained weight loss
- Shortness of breath
- Constant unexplained fatigue
- Chest pain
- Sudden weakness
- Changes in balance and coordination
- Changes in vision, speech and hearing
- Fever and/or night sweats
- Frequent nausea and/or vomiting
- Changes in bladder function
What is a contraindication?
A symptom or condition that makes particular treatment or procedure inadvisable
What is an ABSOLUTE contraindication?
A symptom or condition that suggests you should not treat the patient
Name 5 ABSOLUTE contraindications
- Weak bone
- Neurological dysfunction
- Vascular insufficiency
- Lack of working diagnosis
- Pain and/or excessive tissue feedback
- Non-compliance (i.e. no consent)
What is a RELATIVE contraindication?
A symptom or condition evident that suggests you can treat the patient, but with caution.
Proceed after a risk vs benefit discussion.
Name 8 RELATIVE contraindications
- Intervertebral disk herniation
- Patients’ age and general health status
- Pregnancy (especially 1st trimester)
- Gross degenerative change
- Calcification of the aorta
- Active inflammatory disease
- Previous history of malignancy
- Acute or chronic systemic disease
- Vertigo
- Long term steroid therapy
- Severe scoliosis
- Adverse reaction by the patient to treatment
- Recent treatment from another practitioner
- Psychological dependancy on treatment
Sensitivity
Proportion of individuals who have the condition, who test positive
Highly sensitive tests are good for ruling out conditions, if a patient tests negative to the test
Acronym: SnNout (High Sensitivity, Negative result = rule out)
Specificity
Proportion of individuals who do not have the condition, who test negative
Highly specific tests are good for ruling in conditions, if a patient tests positive to the test
Acronym: SpPin (High Specificity, Positive result = rule in)
Reflex grading
0 Absent 1+ or + Diminished 2+ or ++ "Normal" 3+ or +++ Hyperactive without clonus 4+ or ++++ Hyperactive with clonus
