HINDLIMB MUSCLES

Question 1

Which 3 muscles are responsible for hindlimb adduction?

Answer 1

1. gracilis
2. pectineus
3. adductor

Question 2

What 3 muscles are responsible for hindlimb abduction?

Answer 2

1. superficial gluteal
2. middle gluteal
3. deep gluteal

Question 3

What 4 hindlimb muscles are responsible for medial rotation?

Answer 3

1. popliteus (leg)
2. fibularis longus (paw)
3. deep gluteal (limb)
4. middle gluteal (limb)

Question 4

What 5 hindlimb muscles are responsible for lateral rotation?

Answer 4

1. cranial tibial (paw)
2. external obturator (limb @ hip)
3. quadratis femoris (limb)
4. gemelli (limb @ hip)
5. internal obturator (limb @ hip)

Question 5

What 4 muscles are responsible for hip flexion?

Answer 5

1. sartorius
2. tensor fasciae latae
3. quadriceps femoris
4. ilipsoas

Question 6

What 8 muscles are responsible for hip extension?

Answer 6

1. biceps femoris
2. semitendinosis
3. semimembranosis
4. gracilis
5. adductor
6. superficial gluteal
7. middle gluteal
8. quadratus femoris

Question 7

What 5 muscles are responsible for stifle flexion?

Answer 7

1. semitendinosis
2. sartorius ~
3. gracilis
4. gastrocnemius
5. superficial digital flexor

~ can either flex or extend

Question 8

What 5 muscles are responsible for stifle extension?

Answer 8

1. biceps femoris
2. semimebranosis
3. sartorius ~
4. tensor fasciae latae
5. quadriceps femoris

~ can either flex or extend

Question 9

What 4 muscles are responsible for tarsal flexion?

Answer 9

1. semimembranosis ~
2. cranial tibial (tarsocrural joint)
3. long digital extensor
4. fibularis longus

~ can either flex or extend

Question 10

What 6 muscles are responsible for tarsal extension?

Answer 10

1. biceps femoris
2. semitendinosis
3. semimembranosis ~
4. gracilis
5. superficial digital flexor
6. deep digital flexor

~ can either flex or extend

Question 11

What 2 muscles are responsible for digital flexion? (hindlimb)

Answer 11

1. superficial digital flexor
2. deep digital flexor

Question 12

What muscles are responsible for digital extension? (hindlimb)

Answer 12

1. long digital extensor

Question 13

Answer 13

Biceps femoris

extends the hip, stifle and tarsal joints

attaches to the ischiatic tiberosity and patellar ligament (and to the tuber calcanei with crural fascia)

Question 14

Answer 14

Semitendinosus

extends the hip joint, flexes the stifle joint, extends the tarsal joints

attaches to the ischiatic tuberosity, the distocranial border of the tibia, and the tuber calcanei

Question 15

Answer 15

Semimembranosus

Extends the hip joint, and can either flex or extend the stifle joint

attaches to the ischiatic tuberosity, the coudal rough surface of the femur and medial condyle of the tibia

Question 16

Answer 16

Gracilis

Adducts the limb, flexes the stifle, extends the hip and tarsal joints

Attaches to the pelvic symphesis, the cranial border of the tibia, and the tuber calcanei

Question 17

Answer 17

Pectineus

Adducts the limb

Attaches at the iliopubic eminence and the caudal rough surface of the femur

Question 18

Answer 18

Adductor

Adducts the limb and extends the hip

Attaches proximally at the pelvic symphysis, ischiatic arch, and the ventral surface of the pubis and ischium.
Attaches distally at the lateral lip of the caudal rough face of the femur

Question 19

Answer 19

Tensor fasciae latae

Tenses the lateral femoral fascia, flexes the hip, extends the stifle

Attaches proximally at the tuber coxae and the adjacent part of the ilium as well as at the aponeurosis of the middle gluteal muscle.

Attaches distally at the lateral femoral fascia

Question 20

Answer 20

Superficial gluteal

Extends the hip and abducts the limb

Attaches at the sacrum, first caudal verterba, and the cranial dorsal iliac spine as well as the third trochanter

Question 21

Answer 21

Middle gluteal

Extends and abducts the hip joint and rotates the limb medially

attaches at the crest and gluteal surface of the ilium as well as the greater trochanter

Question 22

Answer 22

Deep gluteal

Extends and abducts the hip and rotates the limb medially

Attaches at the ischiatic spine and the greater trochanter

Question 23

Answer 23

Internal obturator

Rotates the limb laterally at the hip joint

Attaches on the dorsal side of the obturator foramen

Question 24

Answer 24

Gemelli

Rotates the pelvic limb laterally at the hip joint

Attaches to the lateral surface of the ischium and the trochanteric fossa

Question 25

Answer 25

Quadratus femoris Extends the hip and rotates the limb laterally Attaches to the ventral surface of the caudal part of the ischium and to the intertrochanteric crest

Question 26

Answer 26

External obturator Rotates the pelvic limb laterally at the hip joint Attaches to the ventral surface around the obturatur foramen

Question 27

Answer 27

Rectus femoris (part of the quadriceps femoris) Extends the stifle and flexes the hip Attaches to the ilium, proximal femur and the tibial tuberosity (patellar tendon!)

Question 28

Answer 28

Vastus lateralis (part of the quadriceps femoris) Extends the stifle joint Attaches to the proximal femur and tibial tuberosity (patellar tendon!)

Question 29

Answer 29

Vastus medialis (part of the quadriceps femoris) Extends the stifle joint Attaches to the proximal femur and the tibial tuberosity (patellar tendon!)

Question 30

Answer 30

Vastus intermedius (part of the quadriceps femoris) Extends the stifle joint Attaches to the proximal femur and the tibia tuberosity (patellar tendon!)

Question 31

Answer 31

Iliopsoas Flexes the hip joint Attaches at the lumbar vertebrae, ilacus, and lesser trochanter

Question 32

Answer 32

Sartorius Flexes the hip joint. Cranial part extends the stifle, caudal part flexes the stifle Attaches to the illium, patella (Cranial part) and the cranial border of the tibia (caudal part)

Question 33

Answer 33

Cranial tibial flexes the tarsocrural joint and rotates the paw laterally Attaches at the lateral edge of the cranial tibial border and the planter surface of the base of metatarsals I and II

Question 34

Answer 34

Long digital extensor Extends the digits and flexes the tarsal joints Attaches at the extensor fossa of the femur and the extensor processes of the distal phalanges

Question 35

Answer 35

Fibularis longus Flexes the tarsal joints and rotates the paw medially Attaches at the lateral condyle of the tibia, the lateral epicondyle of the femur, and the fourth tarsal bone

Question 36

Answer 36

Gastrocnemius Extends the tarsal joints and flexes the stifle joint Attaches at the medial and lateral supracondylar tuberositites of the femur and the tuber calcanei

Question 37

Answer 37

Superficial digital flexor Flexes the digits and the stifle joint. Extends the tarsal joints Attaches at the lateral supracondylar tuberosity of the femur, tuber calcanei, and the bases of the middle phalanges

Question 38

Answer 38

Deep digital flexor Flexes the digits and extends the tarsal joints Attaches at the proximal tibial and fibula and the flexor tubercle on the plantar surface of the distal phalanges

Question 39

Answer 39

Popliteus Rotates the leg medially Attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the femur and the caudal surface of the tibia

Question 40

what prominent fusiform shaped muscle is used as a caudal landmark of the femoral triangle?

Answer 40

pectineus

Question 41

a coxofemoral dislocation is most often in the ____________ direction, the pull of the ________________ muscles aid in this displacement

Answer 41

craniodorsal gluteal

Question 42

what fibrous structure serves as the attachment for the biceps femoris and superficial gluteal muscles?

Answer 42

sacrotuberous ligament

Question 43

what 5 muscles attach to the tuber calcanei?

Answer 43

biceps femoris superficial digital flexor gracilis gastrocnemius semitendinosus

Question 44

Which 3 muscles are antagonists to extension of the middle gluteal at the hip joint?

Answer 44

tensor fasciae latae iliopsoas sartorius

Question 45

What 5 muscles are components of the common calcaneal tendon?

Answer 45

1. biceps femoris 2. superficial digital extensor 3. gracilis 4. gastrocnemius 5. semitendinosus