Hindlimb Flashcards
Caudal muscles of the thigh
Biceps femoris/semitendinosus/semimembranosus
Semimembranosus
O:ischiatic tuberosity
I: The distal medial lip of the caudal rough surface of the femur and the medial
condyle of the tibia.
A: To extend the hip.
Extends the stifle (The part that
attaches to the femur); Flexes or
extends the stifle (the part that
attaches to the tibia ), depending
on the position of the limb.
N:sciatic nerve
Semitendinosus
O: ischiatic tuberosity
I: The disto-cranial border of the tibia. The medial surface of the body of the tibia and the
tuber calcanei by means of the crural fascia
A:exten the hip, flex the stifle and extend the hock
N:sciatic nerve
Biceps femoris
O: The sacrotuberous ligament and the
ischiatic tuberosity.
I: Cranial border of the tibia (by means of the crural fascia to the subcutaneous part of the tibial body)
The tuber calcanei (by means of the fascia
lata and crural fascia to the patella, patellar
ligament
A: To extend the hip, stifle, and hock.
Caudal part flexes the stifle
N: Sciatic nerve
Sartorius
O: Cranial part—the crest of the ilium and the thoracolumbar fascia; caudal part—the cranial ventral iliac spine and the adjacent ventral border of the ilium.
I: Cranial part—the patella, in common with the rectus femoris of the quadriceps; caudal part—the cranial border of the tibia, in common with the gracilis.
A: To flex the hip. The cranial part extends the stifle; the caudal part
flexes the stifle.
N:femoral nerve
Gracilis
O: The pelvic symphysis by means of the symphysial tendon.
I: The cranial border of the tibia and, with the
semitendinosus, the tuber calcanei.
A: To adduct the limb, flex the stifle,
and extend the hip and hock.
N:obturator nerve
Pectineus
O: From the iliopubic eminence and the
pubic tubercle via the prepubic tendon
I: The distal end of the medial lip of the caudal
rough face of the femur.
A: adduct the limb
N:obturator nerve
Adductor
O: The entire pelvic symphysis by means
of the symphysial tendon, the adjacent
part of the ischiatic arch, and ventral
surface of the pubis and ischium.
I: The entire lateral lip of the caudal
rough face of the femur.
A: ABDUCT THE LIMB AND EXTEND THE LIP
N:Obturator nerve
Medial thigh muscles
Sartorius, Gracilis, Adductor, Pectineus
MUSCLES OF THE LATERAL PELVIS
Tensor fasciae latae/superficial gluteal/middle gluteal/deep gluteal/piriformis
Tensor fasciae latae
O:tuber coaxed and adjacent part of the ilium, aponeurosis of the middle gluteal muscle
I:lateral temporal fascia
A:tense the lateral temporal fascia, flex the hip, extend the stifle
N: cranial gluteal nerve
Superficial gluteal
O: lateral border of the sacrum and first caudal vertebra, partly by means of the sacrotuberous ligament; cranial dorsal iliac spine by means of gluteal fascia
I:third trochanter
A:extend the hip, abduct the limb
N:Caudal gluteal nerve
Middle gluteal
O:the crest and gluteal surface of the ilium
I: greater trochanter
A: extend and abduct the hip and rotate the pelvic limb medially
N:cranial gluteal nerve
Deep gluteal
O:Body of ilium; ischiatic spine
I:greater trochanter
A: extend and abduct the hip and rotate the pelvic limb medially
N: cranial gluteal nerve
Piriformis
O:transverse process of last sacral vertebrae? Sacrotuberous ligament
I: greater trochanter
A:extend the hip
N:Cranial gluteal nerve
Caudal hip muscles
Internal obturator, gemeli, quadratus femoris, external obturator
Internal obturator
O: The symphysis pelvis and the dorsal
surface of the ischium and pubis.
I: The trochanteric fossa of the
femur.
A: To rotate the pelvic limb laterally at
the hip
N: sciatic nerve
GEMELI
O: The lateral surface of the ischium,
caudal to the acetabulum and ventral to
the lesser ischiatic notch.
I: The trochanteric fossa
A: To rotate the pelvic limb laterally at
the hip.
N:sciatic nerve
Quadratus femoris
O: The ventral surface of the caudal part
of the ischium.
I:intertrochanteric crest
A: To extend the hip and rotate the
pelvic
N:sciatic nerve
External obturator
O: The ventral surface of the pubis and
ischium
I:trochanteric fossa
A:rotate the pelvic limb laterally
N:Obturator nerve
Iliopsoas
O: Psoas major—lumbar vertebrae;
iliacus— cranioventral ilium.
I: Lesser trochanter
A:flex the hip
N: Ventral branches of
lumbar spinal nerves;
femoral nerve.
Quadriceps femoris heads
Rectus femoris/vastes latéralis/ vastus intermedius/vastus médialis
Origines head of the quadriceps femoris
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Cranial tibia
O: The extensor groove and the adjacent
articular margin of the tibia; the lateral
edge of the cranial tibial border.
I: plantar surface of the base of
metatarsals I and II
A: To flex the tarsocrural joint and to
rotate the paw laterally so that the
plantar surface faces medially
N:fibular nerve
Long digital extensor
O: The extensor fossa of the femur
I: The extensor processes of the distal
phalanges of digits II, III, IV, and V
A: To extend the digits and flex the
tarsus
N:fibular nerve
