High Risk Infants Flashcards
1
Q
Premature
A
-less than 37 weeks GA
2
Q
LBW
A
(less than 5lb)
3
Q
VLBW
A
<1500 grams
less than 3 lbs
4
Q
SGA
A
-small for GA
<10th percentile
5
Q
PMA
A
-post menstrual age
6
Q
Signs of Stability
A
- smooth reg respiration
- pink stable color
- stable digestion
- smooth controlled posture/tone/movements
- clear well defined sleep states
- focused alertness
- animated facial expression
7
Q
Signs of stress
A
- resp pause/tachypnea/gasping
- palling, cyanotic, grey
- hiccups, gag, grunt, emesis, tremors, cough, sneeze
- fluctuating tone
- flaccidity
- frantic activity
- diffuse sleep with twitches
- diffuse wakeful periods
8
Q
optimal care environment
A
- low noise/lights
- minimize handling
- protect sleep states
- promote understanding of behavioral cues
- promote relationship-based caregiving
9
Q
Neonatal Exam
A
- signs of stress
- behavioral states
- coping
- active movements/postures
- muscle tone
- reflexes
- feeding
- sensory responses
- standardized tests
10
Q
States
A
- sleeping
- drowsy
- quiet alert
- active alert
- crying
11
Q
Standardized Assessments
A
- NAPI
- TIMP
- NNE
- NBAS
12
Q
NICU Diagnosis
A
- feeding problems
- seizures
- gastroesophageal reflux
- NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis)
- fetal alcohol syndrome
- neonatal abstinence syndrome
- microcephaly
- hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
- intraventricular hemorrhage (grade 1-4)
- periventricular leukomalacia
- retinopathy of prematurity
13
Q
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
A
-mom has to drink several drinks every day for whole pregnancy
14
Q
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
A
-babies born addicted to drugs
15
Q
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
A
- anoxic event for term babies
- possibly due to traumatic birth
16
Q
2 diagnosis that can lead to CP
A
- intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)
- hypoxic ischemia encephalopathy
17
Q
Periventricular Leukomalacia
A
- damage/softening of white matter tracts around ventricles
- due to IVH
18
Q
retinopathy of prematurity
A
- impairs vision
- damage to retina from too much oxygen
19
Q
Respiratory Concerns
A
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- chronic lung disease (O2 for weeks)
- Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (on O2 for weeks)
20
Q
APGAR
A
- Activity
- Pulse
- Grimace
- Appearance
- Respiration
21
Q
APGAR Healthy
A
-8-10
22
Q
APGAR Severe
A
- 0-3
- need resuscitation
23
Q
Direct Interventions
A
- positioning/handling
- ROM
- multimodal sensory stimulation
- feeding support & oral stimulation
24
Q
Other Interventions
A
- developmentally supportive care
- parent/caregiver edu
- environmental adaptation
- follow-up discharge recommendations
