HF2 Flashcards
the Frank-Starlin Mechanism describes the relationship between what
relationship between preload and SV
describe Frank Starling Mechanism
the more volume left in the heart the more the muscles stretch, increasing contractility
what is the problem with remodeling and hypertrophy
as heart muscle gets bigger, less room for ventricular blood volume
what modulates volume and vascular tone via SNS and RAAS
neurohumoral activation
what is another name for end diastolic pressure
preload
in HF, the Frank-Starling relationship shows what problem?
increased volume does not properly increase CO (cardiac output)
what drug is known for positive inotropic effect
digoxin
how do ACEI’s help normalize Frank-Starling relationship
decreasing afterload giving more CO
beta activation due to baroreceptor reflex causes what to be released
renin
what is increased aldosterone levels do to preload or afterload levels?
increase preload
what are the 3 drugs with proven mortality reduction
ACE inhibitors
Beta blockers
Spironolatone
what is the MOA of spironolactone
competitive antagonist at aldosterone receptor
what is the MOA of dobutamine on HF?
hemodynamic effects?
MOA= stimulate B adrenergic receptors
hemodynamic effect = decrease preload (B2 effect) and increase contractility (B1 effect)
water restriction has what intravascular effect
decrease preload
what is the MOA of digoxin
inhibit Na/K ATPase
increasing intracellular Ca
increasing contractility
