Heterotrophic protist and fungi

Question 1

Protozoa

Answer 1

descriptive term rather than taxonomic
Heterotrophs
Single celled, (eukaryotic) ubiquitous (everywhere)

Question 2

autotroph vs heterotroph

Answer 2

Autotrophs are able to make their own food from raw materials and energy. Examples- plants, algae, types of bacteria. Heterotrophs consume producers or other consumers. Dogs, birds, fish, and humans are all examples of heterotrophs

Question 3

Amoeba

Answer 3

Pseudopods- movable extensions of cytoplasm used for locomotion and gathering food.
They are PHAGOCYTIC- they engulf food particles and form a FOOD VACUOLE surrounded by a membrane. Then they secrete enzymes into the food vacuole for INTERCELLULAR DIGESTION.

Question 4

Flagellates

Answer 4

has at least one flagellum
most primitive PROTOZOANS
Parasitic or free-living (Free-living nematodes feed on organisms in their environment. Parasitic types feed off of a host and some also live within the host.)
Caused -Trypanosoma- sleeping sickness

Question 5

Apicomplexans-Plasmodium

Answer 5

-causes malaria (illness), rupture of red blood cells, cycles of fever, and Physarum stream along the damp forest floor in a mass of brightly colored protoplasm called “Plasmodium” in which individual cells are indistinguishable.
heterotrophic

Question 6

Phylum Rhizopoda

Answer 6

Heterophic (eukrayotic fam)
protozoan amoeboid protists
capture prey
naked and testate amoebae

Question 7

Phylum Foraminfera

Answer 7

Heterotropic (Eukrayotic fam)
amoeboid protists (protist) single cell protein
(looks like snails, seashells) live in open ocean
they secrete a tiny shell (or ‘test’) usually between about a half and one millimetre long.
naked and testate amoebae

Question 8

Phylum Kinetoplastea

Answer 8

(zoomastiagaphora) Many of the uniflagellated kinetoplastea are parasitic
Trypanosoma causes Chagas Disease, also known as african sleeping sickness.

Question 9

Phylum Ciliophora (cilliates)

Answer 9

Very diverse group, over 8000 species.
Most cilliates have a MICRONUCLEUS AND MACRONUCLEUS (a coating of cilia on their cell surfaces and two types of nuclei within single cells)
heterotroph!

Question 10

vorticella vs stentor

Answer 10

Vorticella- one ring of body
stentor- looks like trumpet

Question 11

Phylum Apicomplexa

Answer 11

Typically non-motile and parasitic
Plasmodium is the most common,causes malaria
(Apicomplexans—Plasmodium)
hetertrophic

Question 12

Plasmodium life cycle

Answer 12

Zygote- Only 2n stage
3 stages-Gametocytes, Sporozoites and Merozoites.
The male gametocytes called microgametocytes and female gametocytes called macrogametocytes are transmitted through an anopheles mosquito during a blood meal.

Question 13

Slime molds (plasmodial)

Answer 13

Not true molds!
* Phagocytic, lack hyphae, no chitin in cell wall
* Coenocytic—cells indistinguishable, appear
multi-nuc.
eats anything that gets in its path, devouring mulch and decaying matter. (cleans up our woodlands)
single cells but in autumn they come together
eats his prey white slime molds
when all food is gone they effort in mass reproduction
slime molds tiny cells are scattered and then ready to spring into action when warm weather returns or cold.

Question 14

Kingdom Fungi

Answer 14

Fungi are multicellular heterotrophs that receive their food by absorbing the molecules around them. Fungi are not plants; they do not contain chlorophyll and therefore are neither green in colour, nor producers.

Question 15

Fungi

Answer 15

Chytrids
– Parasites, flagellum
* Zygomycota
– Bread molds
* Ascomycota
– Yeasts, molds,
truffles
* Basidiomycota
– All mushrooms

Question 16

structure

Answer 16

main body of fungus is the mycelium

Question 17

FUNGI REPRODUCTION

Answer 17

• Asexual
  – Haploid vegetative cells—spores
  – Budding and fragmentation
• Sexual
  – Hyphae of two diff ind. Meet
  – Coenocytic cells
  – Gametes produced via mitosis
  – Meiosis follows after formation
  of zygote
  – Haploid cells produced are
  spores, not gametes

Question 18

Lichens

Answer 18

Symbiotic relationship between fungi and
algae/cyanobacteria fungi and alga

Question 19

Protista(protists) vs fungi

Answer 19

Protista(AUTOTROPHIC) is a unicellular entity, and fungi are multicellular. Protists have plant-like, animal-like and fungus-like species. They evolved into other kinds of eukaryotes, which include Fungi. (HETEROTROPHIC) Fungi are eukaryotic entities that cannot synthesise their own food usually.

Question 20

Protists vs bacteria/fungi

Answer 20

Bacteria are placed in the kingdom Monera and have a prokaryotic cell, whereas protists are placed in the kingdom Protista and have a eukaryotic cell.
Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes, while all other living organisms — protists, plants, animals and fungi — are eukaryotes,

Question 21

Protists vs bacteria/fungi

Answer 21

Bacteria are placed in the kingdom Monera and have a prokaryotic cell, whereas protists are placed in the kingdom Protista and have a eukaryotic cell.
Bacteria and archaea are prokaryotes, while all other living organisms — protists, plants, animals and fungi — are eukaryotes,