HESI A and P General Knowledge

Question 1

Anterior Muscle

Answer 1

muscles at the front of the body

Question 2

Quadriceps Femoris Location:

Answer 2

form the bulk of the thigh, front of leg

Question 3

Quadriceps Femoris function:

Answer 3

hip flexor and knee extensor

one of the most powerful muscles in the body

Question 4

The _____ muscle is one of the most powerful muscles in the body

Answer 4

Quadriceps Femoris

Question 5

Biceps Femoris location:

Answer 5

posterior compartment of the thigh

Question 6

Biceps Femoris Muscle:

Answer 6

flexion of the knee, lateral rotator of the lower leg on the knee
with the hip extended, it is the lateral rotator of the knee

Question 7

Adductor Magnus location:

Answer 7

large triangular muscle of the lower limb, apex situated on hip bone
situated both in the posterior and medial fascial compartment of the thigh

Question 8

Adductor Magnus function:

Answer 8

one portion flexes thigh and works as medial rotator, the other extends thigh and is lateral rotator

Both adduct thigh

Question 9

Hyperflexion:

Answer 9

when a joint is flexed beyond its normal range of motion

bending forward

Question 10

Hyperextension:

Answer 10

Excessive movement of a joint in one direction (straightening)
Joint has been forced to move beyond its normal range of motion
bending backwards

Question 11

Side to side spinal curvatures are a result of:

Answer 11

Scoliosis

Question 12

When does herniation of discs occur?

Answer 12

when soft center of a spinal disc pushes through a crack in the tougher exterior casing

Question 13

Ligaments are:

Answer 13

bands of tough elastic tissue around joints
connect bone to bone
give joints support

Question 14

Somatic Nervous System is:

Answer 14

voluntary part of the PNS

control of body movements via skeletal muscles

Question 15

Autonomic Nervous System:

Answer 15

involuntary including: heart rate, BP, Respirations, digestion and sexual arousal

Contains: sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 16

Sympathetic Nervous System

Answer 16

Directs body’s rapid involuntary response to dangerous or stressful situations

Flash flood of hormones boosts body’s alertness and heart rate sending extra blood to muscles

Question 17

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Answer 17

rest and digest

slows heart. lowers BP, promotes digestion

Question 18

Radial Nerve location:

Answer 18

runs down the back if the arm from armpit to hand

Question 19

Radial nerve is part of the PNS or ANS?

Answer 19

PNS

Question 20

Radial Nerve function:

Answer 20

move elbow, wrist, hand, and fingers

Question 21

Spinal Cord functions:

Answer 21

connects brain to spinal cord

carries nerve signals from your brain to your body and vice versa

Question 22

Sciatic Nerve location

Answer 22

lower end of the spinal cord down the back of the thigh and dividing above the knee joint

Question 23

Tibial Nerve location

Answer 23

Back of leg and into the foot

Question 24

Tibial Nerve Function:

Answer 24

has motor and sensory function that makes it possible to transmit sensations and flex your foot, turn it inward or press it behind you

Question 25

The radius is on the _____ side

Answer 25

Thumb

Question 26

The Ulna is on the _____ side

Answer 26

pinky

Question 27

Which is the larger, inside bone. The Tibia or the Fibula

Answer 27

Tibia

Question 28

Mitral Valve Separates:

Answer 28

left atrium and left ventricle

Question 29

Tricuspid valve is between:

Answer 29

R. Atrium and R. Ventricle

Question 30

Pulmonary Valve between:

Answer 30

right ventricle and pulmonary arteries

Question 31

Aortic Valve between:

Answer 31

L. Ventricle and Aorta

Question 32

Lymphatic System Function

Answer 32

drains excess fluids and proteins from tissues back into the bloodstream to prevent tissue swelling

Question 33

Parathyroid Hormone

Answer 33

hormone released by parathyroid gland to control calcium levels in blood controls phosphorous and vitamin D levels Increased levels result in increase of calcium levels which leads to kidney stones and bone thinning

Question 34

Pinna function:

Answer 34

visible part of ear acts as funnel in directing sound further into the ear reacts to sound

Question 35

Tympanic Membrane function:

Answer 35

ear drum separates outer and middle ear receives sound vibration from the outer air and transmits them to the auditory ossicles

Question 36

Cochlea Function

Answer 36

key role in sense of hearing and participates in process of auditory transduction responsible for balance

Question 37

Saggital Plane is also called:

Answer 37

Longitudinal Plane

Question 38

Sagittal plan divides body into:

Answer 38

Right and Left part

Question 39

Transverse plane divides body into:

Answer 39

top and bottom parts

Question 40

Coronal plane is also called:

Answer 40

Frontal Plane

Question 41

Coronal Plane divides the body into:

Answer 41

Anterior and Posterior Parts

Question 42

Dorsal:

Answer 42

Upper side or back

Question 43

Ventral definition

Answer 43

Underside

Question 44

Pepsin function:

Answer 44

Stomach enzyme that digests proteins found in ingested food

Question 45

Anterior is:

Answer 45

nearer the front, situated at the front of body or nearer the head

Question 46

Proximal is:

Answer 46

Situated nearer the center of the body or point of attachment

Question 47

Deep is:

Answer 47

closer to the interior center of the body

Question 48

The cheekbones are ____ to the nose

Answer 48

Lateral

Question 49

Superficial is:

Answer 49

closer to the exterior surface of the body

Question 50

Lateral is:

Answer 50

to the side of, or away from, the middle of the body

Question 51

The ears are ___ to the nose

Answer 51

lateral

Question 52

The arms are ____ to the chest

Answer 52

lateral