Herpes Simplex Virus

Question 1

Define herpes simplex virus.

Answer 1

The major clinical manifestations of infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 (HSV-1) or HSV type 2 (HSV-2) are oral, genital, and ocular ulcers.

Question 2

Explain the aetiology/risk factors of herpes simplex virus.

Answer 2

HIV
Immunosuppressive drugs
High risk sexual behaviour

Question 3

Summarise the epidemiology of herpes simplex virus.

Answer 3

Worldwide, it is estimated that 67% of persons aged 0-49 years are infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The infection is most commonly acquired during childhood, and seropositivity increases with age.

Question 4

Recognise the presenting symptoms of herpes simplex virus. Recognise the signs of herpes simplex virus on physical examination.

Answer 4

Oral ulcer (cold sore)
Genital ulcer
Dysuria
Lymphadenopathy

Question 5

Identify appropriate investigations for herpes simplex virus and interpret the results.

Answer 5

Viral culture from lesions
HSV polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Glycoprotein G-based type-specific serology (gG1 and gG2)