Eczema

Question 1

Define eczema.

Answer 1

Eczema is an inflammatory skin condition characterised by dry, pruritic skin with a chronic relapsing course.

Question 2

Explain the aetiology/risk factors of eczema.

Answer 2

Age <5
Asthma
Family history of eczema
Allergic rhinitis
Active and passive exposure to smoke

Question 3

Summarise the epidemiology of eczema.

Answer 3

It can affect all age groups, but it is most commonly diagnosed before 5 years of age and affects 10% to 20% of children. Eczema usually presents in childhood, with 45% of patients diagnosed by 6 months of age, and 70% to 85% by 5 years of age.

Question 4

Recognise the presenting symptoms of eczema. Recognise the signs of eczema on physical examination.

Answer 4

Pruritus
Xerosis (dry skin)
Erythema
Scaling
Vesicles
Papules
Keratosis pilaris
Excoriations
Lichenification
Hypopigmentation

Question 5

Identify appropriate investigations for eczema and interpret the results.

Answer 5

No investigations are needed.