Basal Cell Carcinoma

Question 1

Define basal cell carcinoma.

Answer 1

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is a common neoplasm, related to exposure to sunlight.

Question 2

Explain the aetiology/risk factors of basal cell carcinoma.

Answer 2

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation
Sun exposure
X Ray exposure
Arsenic exposure
Xeroderma pigmentosum
Basal cell nevus syndrome (Gorlin-Goltz syndrome)
Transplant patients

Question 3

Summarise the epidemiology of basal cell carcinoma.

Answer 3

BCC is the most common malignancy of the skin in fair-skinned adults in the US, Australia, and Europe and its incidence is increasing.

Question 4

Recognise the presenting symptoms of basal cell carcinoma.

Answer 4

Papules with associated telangiectasias
Plaques, nodules, and tumours with rolled borders
Small crusts and non-healing wounds
Non-healing scabs
Pearly papules and/or plaques

Question 5

Recognise the signs of basal cell carcinoma on physical examination.

Answer 5

Metastases associated with large or neglected BCC

Local destruction with advanced lesion

Question 6

Identify appropriate investigations for basal cell carcinoma and interpret the results.

Answer 6

Biopsy for dermatohistopathology