Herniation Flashcards
what is required for herniation to occur
structural weakness and increased pressure in that area
where are the points of normal/abnormal structural weakness
normal: diphragmatic, umbilicus, inguinal canal, femoral canal
abnormal: congenital diaphragmatic hernia, surgical scars/insisional hernia
where is increased pressure likely to occur
chronic cough
pregnancy
stenuous acitivity
straining defacation or urination
lines of herniation
linea alba
linea semilunaris
inguinal region
anterior superior iliac spine
external oblique muscle
forwards and down fibre direction (hands in pockets)
internal oblique
anterosuperio direction, put you hands over chest
transversus abdominus
horizontal fibres
what is an aponeurosis and what does it form
large flattened tendon, come together to form rectus sheath to cover rectus abdominus
what does the inguinal ligament do
marks the anterior boundary between the abdomen and thigh
what is in the inguinal canal in males
spermatocord
where does the superficial ring lie
superolateral to the pubic tubercle
what is in the inguinal canal in females
round ligament of the uterus
two parts to the posterior wall of inguinal canal
transversalis fascia
conjoint tendon
what is a site of potential weakness in the anterior abdominal wall
Hesselbach’s triangle
where is hesselbachs triangle located
inferior epigastric artery
Inguinal ligament
lateral border of rectus abdominis
site of direct inguinal herniation
herniation within the triangle
site of indirect inguinal herniation
deep inguinal ring
direct inguinal herniation is ____ to the inferior epigastric artery
medial
site of indirect inguinal herniation is ____ to the inferior epigastric artery
lateral
characteristics of direct inguinal hernias
directly through abdominal wall
medial to inferior epigastric artery
parallel to spermatic cord
characteristics of indirect
uses inguinal canal
lateral to infector epigastric artery
within spermatic cord or layers of abdominal wall
if you can reduce patient hernia and find deep inguinal ring position, once reduced you ask patient to cough and if the hernia reappears then it is a ____ herniation, if it doesnt reappear it is a ____
direct, indirect
where is inguinal ring found
half way between ASIS and pubic tubercle
where are femoral herniation occurs in what area of weakness
subinguinal space
inferior and posterior to the inguinal ligament
where are lymphatics found
femoral canal
what is the myopectineal orifice
area of innate weakness
