Heritage CH14 Quiz 2 Flashcards
King _______ lead the Franks to eliminate the Roman Empire and conquered the last of the Romans in Gaul.
Clovis
Charles _____ united the Franks to defeated the Muslims. His name means “the Hammer”
Martel
Charles Martel’s empire was also known as the ______ Empire.
Carolingian Empire
Charles’ son, _____ the _____, is known for making an alliance with the church of Rome. he helped defend Rome from the Lombards.
Pepin the Short (defended Roman Church from the Lombards)
Pepin the Short stopped the Lombards to help the Roman church. The church anointed him as king. He gave the church these lands…. _____ States.
Papal States
This ruler was the greatest of all the Carolingian kings. his name means “Charles the Great”.
Charlemagne
Charlemagne divided his lands into small districts into large farming communities known as ______?
manors (ruled by a lord and had peasants working there)
Charlemagne had this church scholar develop a new form of writing that used lower case and upper case letters?
Alcuin
They invaded Charlemagne’s empires from the north (Scandinavia) and were called Norsemen, Northmen, or ______?
Vikings (how to train your dragon)
Without an empire, Europe was now controlled by Feudalism. Kings would give land called ______ to nobles (lords).
fiefs
A lord would choose nobles to manage parts of the land. These lower nobles were called
vassals
This was a “mounted soldier” who defended the manor for the lord during the Middle Ages
a Knight
To become a knight, a boy had to be this at age 7, and this at age 14? Knights had to be 21
page (worked in the castle)
squire (was an assistant to the knight)
if there were no wars going on, knights would mack pretend battles called _____?
tournaments (like when you were queen at the joust)
The best way to identify a knight was by his ______ of ______?
Coat of Arms (on his shield?)
This was the code of behavior that knights lived under?
chivalry
Peasants that lived on the lord’s land were called _____?
serfs (they like to surf)
If a serf was a really good craftsman, they were given more privileges and called ______?
freemen (like a free slave)
The king of England died without an heir. Two nobles fought a battle that decided who would become kind of Medieval England
Battle of Hastings
This nobleman broke through the shield wall and won the Battle of Hastings. He was the first of the royal line called the Normans
William the Conqueror
This was the type of trial under King Henry II where they would throw people in the water to see if they were guilty?
Trial by ordeal
This was a type of written order given to a sheriff to resolve who owned land?
a writ
This type of trial included local people who came to the court to decide disputes
trial by jury
In 1215, many nobles led a revolt and created a document known as the “Great Charter”. This document protected people’s rights and was known as the _____ _____?
Magna Carta
Houses and manors were later replaced by castles. This was a strong central tower in the castle where the royal family lived
a keep (keep family safe)
The Crusades drove out the Muslims in the 1000s. By the 1500s, many people in Europe looked for more truth in religion and wanted to get away from the Catholic church. This reform was called the ________ Reformation.
Protestant Reformation
