Chapter 8 - Quiz 2 Flashcards
How did Greece put into action the new confidence they had gained in defeating the Persians?
Restoring their cities
Punishment where you ban someone is called?
ostracism
What were the consequences of the Peloponnesian War for Greece?
Athens lost its democracy, The “glory that was Greece” would never return. (Sparta had Oligarchy)
Ruined cities and farms
The most famous leader of the democracy in Athens was ______. He is considered one of the greatest public speakers of all time?
Pericles
Pericles is considered one of the greatest public speakers of all time. Another word for public speaker is?
Orator
Pericles helped rebuild Athens after Xeres destroyed it. The _______ is a hill overlooking the city, was the center of religious life in Athens.
Acropolis. (Op-paaaaaa)
Because of his influence in Athens during the fifth century BC, the period is often called the ______ of ______?
Age of Pericles
The Greek City-State grew stronger after the Persian War. Athens formed an alliance with many citystates. The alliance was called the ______ League!
Alliance = Delian League
True or False: Sparta and Athens formed an alliance when Sparta joined the Delian League?
False
Some citystates took sides with Sparta (not Athens) and formed a different alliance called the __________ League?
Peloponnesian League.
In 431 BC, Athens and Sparta went to war with each other with their allies. Because most of the fighting took place on the Peloponnesus, the war is called the ___________ War.
How long did this war last?
Peloponnesian War
27 years
After truce between Athens and Sparta, Athens attacked Sicily and started war with Sparta again. who final,y won the war, and why did they win it
Sparta joined forces with the Persians (Greeks’ enemy). Persia gave money to Sparta to build a navy. Spartan navy took control of Hellespont, blocking Athenian ships from bringing food and supplies into Athens. In 404 BC, Athens was forced to surrender.
Much of what we know of the Peloponnesian War comes from a historian named __________? He lived through the war.
Thucydides (thoo SID uh deez)
Both Herodotus and Thucydides were historians that lived at the same time….. What made them Different?
Thucydides more accurate when recording events. Unlike Herodotus, he tried not to include any information that sounded biased or farfetched.
How did the beliefs of Greek religion differ from those of Greek philosophy?
The Greek religion encouraged the worship of imagined gods and goddesses.
Greek philosophers worshiped wisdom, reason, and man’s ability to think for himself.
The Greeks believed there were many different gods. They believed these gods lived on ______ _______, the highest mountain in Greece.
Mount Olympus
The Greeks made up fanciful stories about their gods and goddesses. These stories are called ______?
Myths
Match God with myth (study photo)
Zeus Hera Aphrodite Apollo Ares Poseidon Hades Athena (Athens)
Zeus = king of Gods Hera = queen of Gods Aphrodite = goddess of love and beauty Apollo = god of Sun, music Ares = God of War Poseidon = god of the Sea Hades = god of the underworld Athena (Athens)
These people wanted to explain life by their own wisdom, not by the actions of gods. These men were called ________? (Lover of wisdom)
philosophers.
“philosopher” comes from the Greek word “philosophos”, which means “lover of wisdom.”
Socrates’ student was ______. He wrote books in the form of conversations. He also taught that there was a spiritual world of the mind and of ideas, which was superior to the physical world?
Plato
Plato wrote books in the form of a conversation which said the ideal government was ruled by a few of the most intelligent men. These books were called?
Dialogues (conversations)
Plato’s student _____ believed science was the most important academic subject. He introduces the scientific method?
Aristotle
This famous Greek philosopher taught by asking questions. He encouraged his students to seek truth by using human reason (not myths)?
Socrates
“What is the meaning of life”
“What makes a good man?”
What did the myths tell about the gods?
That Gods were like humans. The actions of the gods affected events in nature and the lives of humans. Myths explained sunrise and sunset, thunder and lightning, changing seasons, and constellations
