Chapter 5 - quiz 2 Flashcards
The Aryans developed a religion called ______?
Hinduism
Is Hinduism polytheistic or monotheistic?
Polytheistic
Hindus worship thousands of gods, but they consider three gods to be the most important. They are:
Brahma Shiva Vishnu
Brahma = ______ Shiva = ______ Vishnu = ______
Brahma = Creator (Kylie on Minecraft) Shiva = Destroyer (shiv destroys life) Vishnu = Preserver (preserve “fish”)
Hindus believe that these three gods, as well as thousands of other gods, are different forms of the great god ______? Brahman.
Brahman (Kylie?)
Brahman is not a personal being, so he is often called the _______ ________ or ______ ______.
great soul or world soul.
This belief says everything in the universe is part of a supreme being. Hindus believe that everything in the world, including plants, animals, and gods, is part of Brahman.
Pantheism
Difference between Hinduism and Christianity?
Hinduism = polytheistic Christianity = monotheistic Hinduism = do good works to get into Heaven Christianity = believe in jesus all you need Hinduism = reincarnation Bible = each person lives once and then is judged Hindus = person becomes part of Brahman soul Bible = spend eternity with Jesus
Hindus are concerned about doing their duty to become part of Bahaman. This is called their _____?
Dharma
Belief that a person lives more than once in different bodies—even in animals.
reincarnation
A person’s reincarnation depends on their ______. This is based in their good and bad deeds in their current life….
Karma
How do we know so much about early Hinduism?
Written legacy in the sacred books of Hinduism
What are the sacred books of Hinduism called?
Vedas
The Veda books were written in what language? The Sanskrit word “veda” means ______? knowledge.”
Sanskrit Knowledge
The _______ is the oldest Veda. It has been dated at around 1500 BC and is one of the earliest known books in the world.
Rig-Veda
The ______ is a collection of hymns, prayers, and poems. It tells of rituals and philosophy of ancient Hinduism and shows that the ancient Indians enjoyed beauty and artistry.
Rig-veda
How does Hinduism influence family and social life in India?
Hinduism everything is a part of Brahman, it emphasizes the group above the individual.
The two basic groups in India since the rise of Hinduism have been the _____ and the ______. family and the caste (kast), or social class.
family, caste
This is a person’s social class in Hinduism?
Caste
True of False: Hinduism teaches that obedience in the family is an important duty for becoming part of Brahman.
True
Once a person is born into their caste, how long do they stay in that social class?
Whole life
Why do hope to be reincarnated into a higher caste after they die?
closer to reuniting with Brahman
How many caste divisions are there in Indian society?
4
What is the highest caste in Indian society and what was special about it?
Priestly caste. Hindus believed when a priestly caste died, he reunited with the Brahman world spirit.
Name all the caste in order from highest to lowest:
Priestly Warriors/Rulers Farmers/traders/artisans Workers/Servants
This was someone even lower than the servant caste:
Untouchables (outcast)
What made someone “untouchable” or outside the Caste system?
any non-Hindu anyone who worked with meat anyone expelled from from their caste
Each caste has rules, or Dharma (duty) to be in the caste. Give examples of what makes India’s caste system so rigid:
dictated who you married Your job Your clothes Who you eat with Youre happy about your Dharma (duty) and youd get good karma.
True or False: A Hindu who did MORE or less than what his caste demanded was unlikely to be reborn on a higher level.
True
Around 500 BC, one man began to question the teachings of Hinduism. He developed the religion of Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gautama
Why did Buddhism appeal to Indians who were not satisfied with Hinduism?
?
Brahmans = priests Kshatriyas = warriors rulers Vaisyas = farmers traders artisans/craftspeople Sudras = laborers servants Outcastes (untouchables) = non-Hindus, unclean laborers, expelled caste members
Caste System
Siddhartha Gautama changed his name _____?
Buddha
What does “Buddha” mean?
Enlightened one
What rules did Buddha create in his new religion Buddhism?
Four Noble Truths
What are the For Noble Truths?
- All people experience suffering. 2. Suffering is caused by desires for pleasures or things that a person cannot have. 3. A person can end suffering only by getting rid of all his desires. 4. A person can free himself from desires and end suffering by following the Eightfold Path.
Describe Buddhism in one sentence:
suffering can be overcome if a person does good works and ignores his desires
What was Buddha’s list of good works called?
Eightfold Path
What is on the list of eight good deeds (eightfold Path)
- Know and believe the Four Noble Truths. 2. Be good and kind to others. 3. Be truthful and refrain from gossip. 4. Live a moral life, dont steal and harm others 5. Have a job where you can help, not hurt, others. 6. Do good and oppose evil. 7. Think positive, healthy thoughts. 8. Practice meditation.
In Buddhism a person’s ultimate goal or salvation is to reach ______?
Nirvana
Define nirvana:
a state of complete enlightenment
According to Buddhism, what Is the only way to stop suffering?
Reach nirvana (true enlightenment)
Difference ps between Buddhism and Bible:
Buddhism = person’s salvation depends on good works and right thinking. Bible = salvation from sin only through Jesus Buddhism = suffering can be overcome by getting rid of desires and wants. Bible = suffering is the result of man’s sin. Buddhism = meditate on riddles or pleasant thoughts to find peace. Bible = meditate on God’s Word
Buddhasm was popular in India. Which class do you think limed it the most? Priests Warriors/leaders Artisans Workers/servants Untouchables
Untouchables and servants
This was built in the early 11th century, and is still an active Buddhist monastery in the Himalaya Mountains of India.
Key Gompa
