Herbs Flashcards
What are the most common drug-herbal interaction?
- can increase the action of INSULIN and oral hypoglycemic agents
- can decrease action of ANTICONVULSANTS
- can increase the action of CNS DEPRESSANTS
- can increase the action of ANTIHYPERTENSIVES
- can increase ANTICOAGULANT EFFECTS
- can decrease ANTICOAGULANT EFFECT of warfarin
Which herbal supplements increase the action of insulin and oral hypoglycemics?
Garlic
GInseng
Black Cohosh
Which herbal supplements decrease the action of anticonvulsants?
Ginkgo
Echinacea
Which herbal supplements increase the action of CNS depressants?
Ginseng
St Johns Wort
Valerian
Kava
Which herbal supplements increase the action of antihypertensives?
Black Cohosh
Which herbal supplements increase anticoagulant effects?
Garlic Ginger Ginkgo Feverfew Cranberry (on warfarin) Glucosamine
Which herbal supplements decrease anticoagulant effect of warfarin?
Ginseng Coenzyme Q10 Green Tea (in high doses, not just a cup of tea..) St Johns Wort Soy (high doses)
What is Ginkgo’s therapeutic use?
- improving memory and concentration
- other neuro conditions like depression
Herb:
- improving memory and concentration
- other neuro conditions like depression
Ginkgo
What is Glucosamine’s therapeutic use?
- osteoarthritis
- often given with chondroitin
Herb:
- osteoarthritis
- often given with chondroitin
Glucosamine
What is Kava’s therapeutic use?
-anxiety
Herb:
-anxiety
Kava
What is Probiotics’s therapeutic use?
- replenishes/replaces GI tract healthy bacteria
- used especially when a patient is on antibiotics
Herb:
- replenishes/replaces GI tract healthy bacteria
- used especially when a patient is on antibiotics
Probiotics
What is Saw Palmetto’s therapeutic use?
-treating the symptoms of BPH
Herb:
-treating the symptoms of BPH
Saw Palmetto
What is St John’s Wort’s therapeutic use?
-depression
Herb:
-depression
St John’s Wort
What is Black Cohosh’s therapeutic use?
- symptoms of menopause
- menstrual cramps/labour pains
Herb:
- symptoms of menopause
- menstrual cramps/labour pains
Black Cohosh
What is Coenzyme Q10’s therapeutic use?
- antioxidant
- CHF & myopathies, angina, dysrhythmias
- diabetes
- cancer
- boost energy
Herb:
- antioxidant
- CHF & myopathies, angina, dysrhythmias
- diabetes
- cancer
- boost energy
Coenzyme Q10
What is Cranberry’s therapeutic use?
-treatment and prevention of UTIs
Herb:
-treatment and prevention of UTIs
Cranberry
What is Echinacea’s therapeutic use?
- antiviral
- anti-inflammatory
- immunostimulant
Herb:
- antiviral
- anti-inflammatory
- immunostimulant
Echinacea
What is Garlic’s therapeutic use?
-cardiovascular effects
-reduce LDLs and raise HDLs
reduce BP, suppress platelet aggregation, increate arterial elasticity, decrease formation of atherosclerotic plaque
-antimicrobial & anticancer
Herb: -cardiovascular effects -reduce LDLs and raise HDLs reduce BP, suppress platelet aggregation, increate arterial elasticity, decrease formation of atherosclerotic plaque -antimicrobial & anticancer
Garlic
What is Ginger’s therapeutic use?
-suppresses nausea and vomiting caused by morning sickness or motion sickness
Herb:
-suppresses nausea and vomiting caused by morning sickness or motion sickness
Ginger
Which herbs have a risk for affecting blood coagulation and should not be taken with blood thinners?
Cranberry (warfarin)
Coenzyme Q10 (may antagonize effects of warfarin)
Garlic (increases effects of anticoagulants)
Ginger (increased bleeding risk with anticoagulants)
Ginkgo (increased bleeding risk with anticoagulants)
Glucosamine (risk of bleeding)
St John’s Wort (interacts with warfarin)
Which herbs have an increased sedation effect if taken with other CNS depressants?
Kava (increased sedations)
St John’s Wort (intensification of serotonin effects if taken with other antidepressants; increases analgesic effect of morphine)
Ginger (overdose can cause CNS depression)
Which herbs may have a hypoglycemic effect and should not be taken by diabetics?
Black Cohosh (may potentiate hypoglycemic effect of oral agents and insulin) Garlic (hypoglycemia when used with diabetic patients)
Which herbs interact with oral contraceptives?
St John’s Wort
Black Cohosh
Which herb can cause muscle paralysis in high doses?
Kava
Which herb can cause photosensitivity and stinging in the hands?
St Johns Wort
What herb should not be taken by people who have an allergy to plants in the daisy family (ie ragweed, marigolds)?
Echinacea
Which herb can cause uterine stimulation, nausea, hypotension and liver toxicity?
Black Cohosh
Which herb participates in production of ATP at the mitochondrial level?
CoQ10
What are the oils in garlic that give it healthy benefits called?
Alliaceous oils - only present in raw garlic
