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Pharm Test 3 > Herbs > Flashcards

Herbs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most common drug-herbal interaction?

A
  • can increase the action of INSULIN and oral hypoglycemic agents
  • can decrease action of ANTICONVULSANTS
  • can increase the action of CNS DEPRESSANTS
  • can increase the action of ANTIHYPERTENSIVES
  • can increase ANTICOAGULANT EFFECTS
  • can decrease ANTICOAGULANT EFFECT of warfarin
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2
Q

Which herbal supplements increase the action of insulin and oral hypoglycemics?

A

Garlic
GInseng
Black Cohosh

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3
Q

Which herbal supplements decrease the action of anticonvulsants?

A

Ginkgo

Echinacea

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4
Q

Which herbal supplements increase the action of CNS depressants?

A

Ginseng
St Johns Wort
Valerian
Kava

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5
Q

Which herbal supplements increase the action of antihypertensives?

A

Black Cohosh

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6
Q

Which herbal supplements increase anticoagulant effects?

A 
Garlic
Ginger
Ginkgo
Feverfew
Cranberry (on warfarin)
Glucosamine
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7
Q

Which herbal supplements decrease anticoagulant effect of warfarin?

A 
Ginseng
Coenzyme Q10
Green Tea (in high doses, not just a cup of tea..)
St Johns Wort
Soy (high doses)
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8
Q

What is Ginkgo’s therapeutic use?

A
  • improving memory and concentration

- other neuro conditions like depression

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9
Q

Herb:

  • improving memory and concentration
  • other neuro conditions like depression
A

Ginkgo

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10
Q

What is Glucosamine’s therapeutic use?

A
  • osteoarthritis

- often given with chondroitin

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11
Q

Herb:

  • osteoarthritis
  • often given with chondroitin
A

Glucosamine

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12
Q

What is Kava’s therapeutic use?

A

-anxiety

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13
Q

Herb:

-anxiety

A

Kava

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14
Q

What is Probiotics’s therapeutic use?

A
  • replenishes/replaces GI tract healthy bacteria

- used especially when a patient is on antibiotics

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15
Q

Herb:

  • replenishes/replaces GI tract healthy bacteria
  • used especially when a patient is on antibiotics
A

Probiotics

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16
Q

What is Saw Palmetto’s therapeutic use?

A

-treating the symptoms of BPH

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17
Q

Herb:

-treating the symptoms of BPH

A

Saw Palmetto

18
Q

What is St John’s Wort’s therapeutic use?

A

-depression

19
Q

Herb:

-depression

A

St John’s Wort

20
Q

What is Black Cohosh’s therapeutic use?

A
  • symptoms of menopause

- menstrual cramps/labour pains

21
Q

Herb:

  • symptoms of menopause
  • menstrual cramps/labour pains
A

Black Cohosh

22
Q

What is Coenzyme Q10’s therapeutic use?

A
  • antioxidant
  • CHF & myopathies, angina, dysrhythmias
  • diabetes
  • cancer
  • boost energy
23
Q

Herb:

  • antioxidant
  • CHF & myopathies, angina, dysrhythmias
  • diabetes
  • cancer
  • boost energy
A

Coenzyme Q10

24
Q

What is Cranberry’s therapeutic use?

A

-treatment and prevention of UTIs

25
Q

Herb:

-treatment and prevention of UTIs

A

Cranberry

26
Q

What is Echinacea’s therapeutic use?

A
  • antiviral
  • anti-inflammatory
  • immunostimulant
27
Q

Herb:

  • antiviral
  • anti-inflammatory
  • immunostimulant
A

Echinacea

28
Q

What is Garlic’s therapeutic use?

A

-cardiovascular effects
-reduce LDLs and raise HDLs
reduce BP, suppress platelet aggregation, increate arterial elasticity, decrease formation of atherosclerotic plaque
-antimicrobial & anticancer

29
Q 
Herb:
-cardiovascular effects
-reduce LDLs and raise HDLs
reduce BP, suppress platelet aggregation, increate arterial elasticity, decrease formation of atherosclerotic plaque
-antimicrobial & anticancer
A

Garlic

30
Q

What is Ginger’s therapeutic use?

A

-suppresses nausea and vomiting caused by morning sickness or motion sickness

31
Q

Herb:

-suppresses nausea and vomiting caused by morning sickness or motion sickness

A

Ginger

32
Q

Which herbs have a risk for affecting blood coagulation and should not be taken with blood thinners?

A

Cranberry (warfarin)
Coenzyme Q10 (may antagonize effects of warfarin)
Garlic (increases effects of anticoagulants)
Ginger (increased bleeding risk with anticoagulants)
Ginkgo (increased bleeding risk with anticoagulants)
Glucosamine (risk of bleeding)
St John’s Wort (interacts with warfarin)

33
Q

Which herbs have an increased sedation effect if taken with other CNS depressants?

A

Kava (increased sedations)
St John’s Wort (intensification of serotonin effects if taken with other antidepressants; increases analgesic effect of morphine)
Ginger (overdose can cause CNS depression)

34
Q

Which herbs may have a hypoglycemic effect and should not be taken by diabetics?

A 
Black Cohosh (may potentiate hypoglycemic effect of oral agents and insulin)
Garlic (hypoglycemia when used with diabetic patients)
35
Q

Which herbs interact with oral contraceptives?

A

St John’s Wort

Black Cohosh

36
Q

Which herb can cause muscle paralysis in high doses?

A

Kava

37
Q

Which herb can cause photosensitivity and stinging in the hands?

A

St Johns Wort

38
Q

What herb should not be taken by people who have an allergy to plants in the daisy family (ie ragweed, marigolds)?

A

Echinacea

39
Q

Which herb can cause uterine stimulation, nausea, hypotension and liver toxicity?

A

Black Cohosh

40
Q

Which herb participates in production of ATP at the mitochondrial level?

A

CoQ10

41
Q

What are the oils in garlic that give it healthy benefits called?

A

Alliaceous oils - only present in raw garlic

Pharm Test 3 (4 decks)

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