Hepatitis B- only the DNA type of virus Flashcards
What is another name for Hepatitis B?
- Aka: serum hepatis or Dane particle.
Which family does Hepatitis B belong to?
- It belongs to the Hepadnaviridae family.
What type of infection does Hepatitis B cause, and which organ does it primarily affect?
- Viral infection that primarily attacks the liver (hepatocyte), causing both acute and chronic diseases. = more sever and fetal than HAV
How does the incubation period for Hepatitis B typically range?
- Ranges from 45 to 160 days, with an average of 120 days.
What is the genetic nature of the Hepatitis B virus?
- Hepatitis B is a double-stranded DNA virus.
What is the mode of transmission for a hepatitis B that resembles HIV and can be contracted through various means?
The mode of transmission for a disease resembling HIV includes contact with infectious blood, semen, and other body fluids. This can occur through:
a. Birth to an infected mother
b. Sexual contact with an infected person
c. Sharing of contaminated needles, syringes, or other injection drug equipment
d. Needle sticks or other sharp instrument injuries
What is the family of viruses to which Hepatitis B belongs?
- Hepatitis B is a DNA virus of the hepadnaviridae family of viruses.
What is the previous name for HBsAg?
- HBsAg was previously known as the “AUSTRALIA ANTIGEN.”
What does the presence of HBsAg indicate regarding HBV infection?
- An active infection, either acute or chronic.
When is HBsAg the best indicator of infection with hepatitis B?
- Chronic or acute infection with hepatitis B.
How is HBsAg used as a marker screen for patients?
- To assess if a patient has had a previous infection with hepatitis B or has not yet been exposed to hepatitis A or B.
Why is it important to test for HBsAg in patients?
- Assess whether a patient needs to receive the hepatitis B vaccine or a booster shot
Where is HBcAg typically found within the HBV?
- HBcAg is found within the core of the intact HBV or viral agent.
Why is HBcAg not detectable in serum?
- Because it is exclusively found in liver cells (hepatocytes) and tissues. Detecting it would require a liver biopsy.
Is HBcAg routinely tested in hepatitis profile testing?
- No, HBcAg is not routinely tested in hepatitis profile testing
What does the presence of HBeAg indicate in serologic markers for HBV?
- Indicates chronic hepatitis and a high level of the virus.
Is HBeAg a reliable marker for the presence of HBV?
- Yes, HBeAg is a reliable marker for the presence of a high level of HBV in the body.
Which liver enzyme elevations are typically seen at the same time as the appearance of Anti-HBc?
A) SGOT/AST
B) SGPT/ALT
C) GGT
D) Alkaline phosphatase
B) SGPT/ALT
In which category of individuals can Anti-HBc be found?
A) Acute hepatitis patients
B) Chronic hepatitis patients
C) Asymptomatic carriers
D) Individuals with hepatitis A
C) Asymptomatic carriers
When is Anti-HBc the only marker present during an HBV infection?
A) During the acute phase of infection
B) During the chronic phase of infection
C) During the recovery phase of infection
D) During the window period of infection
D) During the window period of infection
What does the presence of Anti-HBe indicate in the context of Hepatitis B infection?
A. Active viral replication
B. Recovery phase and low infectivity
C. Acute infection
D. Chronic infection
B. Recovery phase and low infectivity
When is Anti-HBe typically the first serologic evidence of in Hepatitis B infection?
A. During the acute infection phase
B. During the chronic infection phase
C. During the convalescence period
D. Throughout the entire course of infection
C. During the convalescence period
What is the primary function of Anti-HBs in relation to HBV?
a) It depends on maintaining a healthy body.
b) It measures the duration of HBV vaccination.
c) It bestows immunity to further HBV infection.
d) It boosts lymphocyte levels.
c) It bestows immunity to further HBV infection.
How long after Hepa B vaccination is Anti-HBs typically measured?
a) Immediately after vaccination.
b) Several months after vaccination.
c) Several years after vaccination.
d) It is not measured after vaccination.
b) Several months after vaccination.
What factor is linked to higher immunity according to the statement?
a) Duration of HBV vaccination.
b) Age at vaccination.
c) High lymphocyte levels.
d) Frequency of vaccination.
c) High lymphocyte levels.
What is the key determinant of immunity in the context of Anti-HBs?
a) Maintaining a healthy body.
b) Frequency of booster shots.
c) Duration of HBV infection.
d) Vaccination dosage.
a) Maintaining a healthy body.
Which organism was used to develop the HBV Vaccine in 1982?
a. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (common bakers’ yeast)
b. Escherichia coli (E. coli)
c. Streptococcus pneumoniae
d. Bacillus anthracis
a. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (common bakers’ yeast)
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