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Micro/ Immuno > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

what is the virus that infects the liver and describe it

A

hepatitis infects the liver primarily the hepatocytes where it replicates and liver damage comes from the virus itself as well as the host response. some acute some chronic

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2
Q

family, genome and virion of Hep A

A

family: picornavidae
genome: +ssRNA
virion: non enveloped

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3
Q

family genome and virion of Hep B

A

family: hepadnaviridae
genome: circular dsDNA
virion: enveloped

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4
Q

family, genome, and vision of Hep C

A

family: flavivivridae
genome: +ssRNA
virion: enveloped

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5
Q

family, genome, and vision of Hep D

A

family: deltaviridae
genome: -ssRNA
virion: enveloped

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6
Q

family, genome, and vision of Hep E

A

family: calciviridae
genome: +ssRNA
virion: nonenveloped

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7
Q

what Heps are nonenveloped

A

Hep E and Hep A

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8
Q

what Hep is similar to Polo virus

A

Hep A

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9
Q

what Hep is DNA genome and what kind?

A

Hep B is circular dsDNA

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10
Q

What Heps are transmitted via sex

A

ALL OF THEM!!

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11
Q

what Heps are transmitted via fecal oral

A

HEP A and E

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12
Q

what Heps are transmitted via vertical

A

Hep B, C, D

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13
Q

what Heps are transmitted via parenteral

A

All of them!!

Note: Hep A and E take a brief window of viremia to be passed from parent to child

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14
Q

what Hep causes the highest death rate from chronic liver disease

A

Hep C

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15
Q

what Hep is most prevalent in US population

A

Hep A

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16
Q

Describe Hep B including family, genome, virion

A

Hep B is from family hepadnaviridae, genome of circular dsDNA, is enveloped, and contains a reverse transcriptase polymerase (so a RNA intermediate is made)

17
Q

Describe Biology of Hep B

A 
cannot be grown in cell culture, 
genome has RNA intermediate
cccDNA is template for transcription
requires liver specific transcription factors
produces empty particles (HBsAy)
18
Q

What are the symptoms of Hep B virus

A

general malaise, anorexia, vomiting, fatigue, cough, serum like sickness
jaundice, elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels
`

19
Q

infection time a Hep B

A

incubated 30-180 days by sexual and drug use, recovered 3-4 months after jaundice

20
Q

Chronic details of Hep B

A

chronic diseases occurs in 5 % of people presence of HBsAy in blood past 6 months is chronic.
marked by poor IgG response
sporadic episodes of hepatitis
cirrhosis of liver
increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma

21
Q

does Hep B increase or dec cancer risk

A

Hep B causes increase risk for cancer

22
Q

Hep B prevention and control

A

Hep B vaccine!
vaccine is first recombinant vaccine, not effective for chronic
treatment for chronic infections: interferon alpha therapy, nucleoside analogs: adefovir, lamivudine, and tenofovir

23
Q

Hep D description

A

Hep D is sub viral and needs HPV to replicate
rare in human
(other sub viral is AAV which requires adenovirus infection)
Hep D genome is RNA and encodes 1 protein!

24
Q

what does Hep D require

A

Hep D requires HPV to replicate

25
Q

Hep C virus biology

A

family: flaviviridae
genome: +ssRNA
virion: enveloped
produces proteins E1 and E2 for attachment and entry and has a C core
genome passed into cytoplasm.
the genome is a template for translation recognizes IRES

26
Q

Hep C virus description

A

Hep C is a extra hepatic disease i.e. cryoglobulinemia which means antibody and virus complexes deposit in other tissues eliciting an immune response and subsequent tissue damage

27
Q

Hep C chronic facts

A

Hep C has milder signs and symptoms than observed for Hep B but chronic infections are very common around 80%

28
Q

Hep C prevention and treatment

A

NO VACCINE for Hep C

interferon alpha treatment can help reduce chronic infection

29
Q

Hep A virus infection details and symptoms and treatment

A

Hep A virus infection from fecal contaminated food or water
moves from intestines to liver via portal system
incubation of 15-40 days.
symptoms: malaise, anorexia, vomiting, jaundice
lasts about 8 weeks
Prevention: vaccine (Havrix (live), Vaqta (inactivated vaccine)

30
Q

Is Hep A more severe in adults or children and is there a vaccine

A

Hep A is more severe in adults than children and THERE IS a vaccine

31
Q

Hep E virus

A

causes food borne and waterborne hep

similar to Hep A determined by serology, infection is life threatening in pregnant women

32
Q

is there a vaccine for Hep E

A

NO HEP E VACCINE

33
Q

What Heps cause chronic infections?

A

Hep B, C, and D

34
Q

what Heps cause long term sequelae

A

Hep B and C

Hep exacerbates HBV

35
Q

what Heps have long incubation periods? i.e. greater than 60 days

A

Hep B, C, and D

36
Q

what Hep have short inoculation periods? Ie less than 60 days

A

Hep A and E

37
Q

what is the one Hep that doesn’t often cause asymptomatic infections but is possible

Micro/ Immuno (4 decks)

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