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Clinical Chemistry 2 > Hepati Disease. Cirrhosis > Flashcards

Hepati Disease. Cirrhosis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is cirrhosis?

A

Cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism.

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2
Q

True or False: Cirrhosis is a reversible condition.

A

False

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3
Q

What are some common symptoms of cirrhosis?

A

Fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite, easy bruising, and jaundice

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4
Q

What is the primary cause of cirrhosis?

A

Chronic alcohol consumption

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5
Q

Which hepatitis viruses can lead to cirrhosis?

A

Hepatitis B and C

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6
Q

What is the main complication of cirrhosis?

A

Portal hypertension

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7
Q

What is the gold standard for diagnosing cirrhosis?

A

Liver biopsy

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8
Q

How does cirrhosis affect liver function?

A

It impairs the liver’s ability to detoxify harmful substances, produce proteins, and process nutrients

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9
Q

What is the treatment for cirrhosis?

A

Managing symptoms, treating complications, and addressing the underlying cause

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10
Q

What lifestyle changes can help manage cirrhosis?

A

Abstaining from alcohol, eating a healthy diet, and getting regular exercise

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11
Q

What is the MELD score used for in cirrhosis?

A

To assess the severity of liver disease and determine the priority for liver transplantation

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12
Q

What is the main goal of cirrhosis treatment?

A

To prevent further liver damage and complications

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13
Q

What is hepatic encephalopathy?

A

A decline in brain function that occurs as a result of severe liver disease

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14
Q

What is ascites?

A

The accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity, often seen in cirrhosis

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15
Q

What is the role of the liver in the body?

A

To filter blood coming from the digestive tract before passing it to the rest of the body

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16
Q

What is the significance of liver enzymes in cirrhosis?

A

Elevated levels of liver enzymes can indicate liver damage and inflammation

17
Q

What is the relationship between cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Patients with cirrhosis are at increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma

18
Q

What is the impact of cirrhosis on blood clotting?

A

Cirrhosis can lead to decreased production of clotting factors, resulting in increased bleeding risk

19
Q

What is the role of the immune system in cirrhosis?

A

In cirrhosis, the immune system is often dysregulated, leading to increased susceptibility to infections

20
Q

What dietary restrictions are recommended for patients with cirrhosis?

A

Limiting sodium intake to prevent fluid retention and avoiding alcohol

21
Q

What is the main cause of death in patients with cirrhosis?

A

Complications such as liver failure and portal hypertension

22
Q

What is the Child-Pugh score used for in cirrhosis?

A

To assess the severity of cirrhosis and estimate prognosis

23
Q

What is the relationship between cirrhosis and varices?

A

Cirrhosis can lead to the development of varices (enlarged blood vessels) in the esophagus and stomach

24
Q

What is the main risk factor for developing cirrhosis?

A

Chronic alcohol abuse

25
Q

What is hepatorenal syndrome?

A

A life-threatening complication of cirrhosis characterized by kidney failure

26
Q

What is the role of liver transplantation in treating cirrhosis?

A

Liver transplantation is the only definitive treatment for end-stage cirrhosis

27
Q

What is the significance of the INR test in cirrhosis?

A

The INR test measures blood clotting ability and is used to assess liver function in cirrhosis

28
Q

What is the impact of cirrhosis on albumin levels?

A

Cirrhosis can lead to decreased albumin production, contributing to fluid retention and edema

29
Q

What is the relationship between cirrhosis and coagulopathy?

A

Cirrhosis can result in coagulopathy, a condition characterized by impaired blood clotting

30
Q

What is the significance of splenomegaly in cirrhosis?

A

Splenomegaly (enlarged spleen) is a common finding in cirrhosis due to portal hypertension

31
Q

What is the impact of cirrhosis on bile production?

A

Cirrhosis can lead to impaired bile production, affecting digestion and nutrient absorption

32
Q

What is the role of ammonia in hepatic encephalopathy?

A

Ammonia buildup in the blood can contribute to the development of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis

Clinical Chemistry 2 (5 decks)

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