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PD Block 1 > HENT > Flashcards

HENT Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the turbinates found

A

In the nasopharynx

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2
Q

What should you look for during hair inspection

A
  1. texture
  2. color
  3. distribution
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3
Q

What should you look for during external ear inspection

A
  1. Shape, symmetry of the auricles
  2. External auditory discharge
  3. Mastoid area, no redness
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4
Q

How do you check for position of auricle on kids

A

Draw an imaginary line between the inner canthus and the protuberance of the occiput. Should be no more than 10 degree lateral-postero angle

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5
Q

Auricle inspection

A

Should be firm with good recoil, non-tender

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6
Q

What direction do you pull the ear for otoscopy

A

Up and back

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7
Q

What should you look for during internal ear inspection

A
  1. discharge
  2. erythema
  3. cerumen
  4. foreign bodies
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8
Q

What should TM look like

A

Pearly gray

should see umbo, malleus, cone of light

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9
Q

2 types of hearing loss

A
  1. Conductive hearing loss

2. Sensorineural hearing loss

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10
Q

Conductive hearing loss

A

Sound is transformed due to wax, or infections

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11
Q

Sensorineural hearing loss

A

Due to damage/disease of CN VIII

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12
Q

How to you test for hearing

A
  1. Whisper test

2. Weber/Rinne test

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13
Q

What is the Weber test

A

Test for hearing, use tuning fork and place on top of head.

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14
Q

What is the Rinne test

A

Use tuning fork and place on mastoid, then hold up to ear.

Pt should be able to hear longer in front of the ear

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15
Q

What ear does the pt hear better in if it lateralizes in the weber test

A

The affected ear (Conductive loss). If it is sensorineural loss the patient will ear it in the opposite ear

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16
Q

If sound is heard longer with bone conduction what type of hearing loss is it?

A

Conductive hearing loss

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17
Q

If sound is longer in air conduction of affected ear what type of hearing loss is it

A

Sensorineural hearing loss

Must be less than 2:1 ratio

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18
Q

What should you look for during external inspection of the nose

A
  1. Color should be same as face
  2. Tip is midline
  3. Nares oval, symmetric, no discharge
  4. non-tender
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19
Q

What should you look for during internal inspection of the nose

A
  1. Inspect septum
  2. Free of discharge
  3. No inflammation of turbinates
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20
Q

Two ways to test the sinuses

A
  1. Pushing on the maxillary and frontal sinuses

2. Transilluminate

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21
Q

What to look for on lips

A
  1. symmetry
  2. free of lesions
  3. vermillion border defined
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22
Q

What to look for on tongue

A
  1. moist
  2. lesions
  3. Anterior portion rough
  4. Poster portion papillae
23
Q

Where are the parotid glands

A

Inside the cheek

24
Q

Stensen ducts

A

Ducts near 2nd molar, upper jaw

25
Q

Wharton ducts

A

Ducts on each side of the frenulum

26
Q

Where are the submandibular glands

A

Under the tongue

27
Q

Where are the palpebral fissures

A

Around the eyes

28
Q

Where are the Nasolabial fissures

A

Dimple area, form cheeks

29
Q

What do you look for during neck inspection

A
  1. lymph nodes
  2. SCM and trapezius should be symmetric
  3. Note any pulsating carotids
  4. Palpate thyroid
  5. Check back of neck along spine
  6. trachea should be midline
30
Q

Lymph nodes of the neck

A
  1. Pre-auricular
  2. post-auricular
  3. tonsillar
  4. Submandibular
  5. Submental
  6. Anterior (superficial) cervical
  7. Posterior (deep) cervical
  8. Occipital
  9. Supraclavicular
31
Q

What does an abnormal thyroid nodule feel like

A

Buck shot

should not be fixed, should not be hard, should not be large

32
Q

Rhinitis

A

Inflammation the nose

33
Q

Rhinorrhea

A

Discharge from the nose

34
Q

otorrhea

A

Discharge from the ear

35
Q

Effusion

A

giving off a Liquid, light, smell

36
Q

Bulging of tympanic membrane

A

Indicative of an infection

37
Q

Otosclerosis

A

Hardening of the middle her, disrupts the ability of sound to travel to the inner ear

38
Q

torticollis

A

Condition where the head becomes persistently turned to one side. Due to excessive contraction of the SCM.

39
Q

glossitis

A

Inflammation of the tongue, swells and gets smooth

40
Q

pharyngitis

A

Inflammation of the pharynx

41
Q

tonsillitis

A

Inflammation of the tonsils

42
Q

gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gums

43
Q

gingival hyperplasia

A

Increase in the size of the gums

44
Q

frontal bossing

A

Prominent, protruding forehead. Usually identified in children

45
Q

goiter

A

abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland

46
Q

geographic tongue

A

Papillae appear smooth and usually in patches

47
Q

strawberry tongue

A

type of glossitis where the papillae are enlarged, looks like a strawberry

48
Q

torus palatinus

A

Boby protrusion on the hard palate

49
Q

atrophic tongue

A

Type of glossitis that looks like a smooth glossy tongue, very tender and painful. Papillae atrophy

50
Q

hairy tongue

A

Abnormal coating on top of tongue that looks like hair

51
Q

darwins tubercle

A

Congenital ear condition which is a thickening or pointing of the helix of the auricle

52
Q

cauliflower ear

A

External ear is thickened or deformed due to repeated blows. Wrestlers or boxers

53
Q

presbycusis

A

Age related hearing loss, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss

PD Block 1 (7 decks)

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