Henry VIII (1509-1547) Flashcards
Humanism, Reform and Renaissance Monarchy
- Refers to the strong revival in the interest of classical, pagan, greek and latin authors.
- Strongly rooted in the belief of STOICISM (all work should be done in the service of others).
- Humanist philosophy resonated with Henry VIII and this was to the jubilation of his subjects as well.
- It resonated with Christians as well.
- It was ultimately an OUTLOOK rather than it being a simple curriculum of study.
Erasmus, John Colet, Sir Thomas More, Cardinal Wolsey
-Erasmus: an author of humanist persuasion that argued Christian nations should not be at war with each other. Never broke from church, but called out some of its problems.
John Colet: a famous English Teacher and friend of Erasmus. Was a teacher of St. Paul. Basically that Paul was not perfect but could be?????????
Sir Thomas More: Lawyer and councilor of Henry VIII. Argued that humand could achieve piece through REASON.
Cardinal Wolsey: More a social climber than he was a humanist. From the Yeomen class. Saw the church as a vehicle to power more than anything.
Renewal of the 100 Years War
- Henry grows tired of his lush and cozy little lifestyle and assumes he is the rightful heir to the French Throne.
- henry sails to Calais where he takes some cities but is held up in Tournai until winter at which point he returns to England a loser.
Tornai and Flodden Field
-Tournai where Henry VIII holds up after landing in France. This was a place that Wolsey wanted to assume power. But it was a lengthy siege here that caused Henry to have to leave.
Flodden Field was happening at the same time. Katherine of Aragon (thew queen) held off Scottish invaders from the north with the help of the Duke of Suffolk. King of scotland and noblemen are killed here.
Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V (Carlos I of Spain)
Francis was the new king of france that Henry VIII wanted to make friends with at the Field of Cloth and Gold and Emperor Carlos of Spain was now the emperor of Habsburg empire and Henry was his uncle and wanted to be friendly with all of them .
The Treaty of London (1518) and Wolsey’s Quest for Peace
-Was a treaty among various princes of Europe to come to the aid of each other if under attack and was designed by Henry VIII and Cardinal Wolsey
The Field of the Cloth of Gold, 1520
-it was like a fake festival between English and French Nobility including King Henry VIII and King Francis I in a demonstration of peace and brotherhood..
Martin Luther and the Defense of the Seven Sacrements
-Martin Luthewr was living in Habsburg germany and called out the Catholic church for many of its practices. Provoked a lot of angry German princes and caused problems for Charles of Spain.
The King’s “Great Matter” and the Henrician Reformation
-The reformation was in response to Henry not being able to produce a son, only a daughter MARY. He needed the church to allow his divorce from Catherine to marry Anne boleyn. The marriage to Catherine was considered to be incest and thereffore null and void?
William Tyndale and John Lambert
- Tyndale tried to translate the bible into english and Henry persecuted him for it.
- Lambert saw transubstantiation as nothing more than symbolism, that priests were not necessary
Anne Boleyn, Thomas Cromwell and Thomas Cranmer
-Anne was highly educated linguest outspoken and opinionated but captivation.
0-Cromwell serves as a major persuader in parliament on behalf of Henry VIII and helps establosh REFORMATION PARLIAMENT.
-Cranmer was the catholic priest with lutheran notions that would work to help get things done for king.
-The Pilgrimage of the Grace 1536
- A response to the Kings drastic measure against catholics, and monastaries. These ppl came from the north to rescue the king from EVIL counsilors and to restore church. The people involved were told to turn back but to leave the leadership to speak with king. thy were duped and killed by Duke of NORFOLK. e
Suppression ofd the Monastaries, Catholic Martyrs, Bishop John Fisher,
- Bishop John Fisher and More were defenders of Queen Kat and they couldn’t accept Henrys Act of Supremacy which made him ruler of Church of England. They were beheaded and held as martyrs in catholic church.
- The monastaries of catholics are persecuted, and land and property of the monastaries are taken under posession by the king and this is a big win for the king.
The Great Bible and the Six Articles
- Six articles: 1. Masses were to be held in latin.
2. Transubstantiation. 3. Clergy to remain celebate. 4. Saints to be honored but not adorned. 5. No pergutory but u could still pray for dead. 6. salvation achieved therough good work AND faith.
The great bible was the first bible to be authorized to be produced in ENGLISH only to be read by gentry and nobility.
The Fall of Anne Boleyn and Jane Seymour
- She gives birth to Liz, no boy and was more religiously outspoken than henry of which they argued. She was also seen as a nag and she was always with her ladies in waiting. She gives birth to a deformity and henry uses this as an excuse to persecute her for witchcraft and such.
- Jane was a lady of Queen Catherine and she died shortly after giving birth to henrys son i think.
