Henry VII's Relationship with Foreign Powers

Question 1

When did England make a truce with Scotland?

Answer 1

1486

Question 2

What was England’s relationship with Scotland?

Answer 2

• in summer of 1495, Perkin Warbeck was welcomed by King James IV
• In 1497, James IV and Warbeck disastrously invaded England
• Henry VII and James signed the Truce of Ayton, which became the Treaty of Perpetual Peace in 1502
• In 1503, there was a marriage alliance between, Henry’s daughter, Margaret and James IV.

Question 3

What was the Treaty of Etaples?

Answer 3

• In 1492
• ended Breton Crisis gave Henry an annual income and a guarantee that France would not shelter any English rebels

Question 4

Why was there tension with France?

Answer 4

• France took control of Brittany, which was against Henry’s interests. This was called the Breton Crisis
• In 1496, Henry VII joined the Holy League, an alliance of France’s rivals in the continuing Italian War (England remained neutral)

Question 5

What was England’s treaty formed with Spain?

Answer 5

Treaty of Medina del Campo in 1489

Question 6

What did the Treaty of Marina del Campo agree?

Answer 6

• Spain and England would not make treaties with France without sounding the other out first
• would be equal trading rights for each other’s merchants
• Prince Arthur would marry the Spanish Catherine of Aragon to cement the alliance

Question 7

When did Prince Arthur and Catherine of Aragon marry?

Answer 7

By proxy in 1499, for real in 1501

Question 8

What was England and Burgundy’s relationship like?

Answer 8

tension due to:
- Margaret of Burgundy was Richard III’s sister
- Margaret of Burgundy supported Perkin Warbeck until 1496, when Henry signed Magnus Intercursus with Philip, duke of Burgundy

Question 9

Who was Margaret of Burgundy?

Answer 9

• Richard III’s sister
• married to previous Duke of Burgundy

Question 10

Had Henry secured an heir to his throne?

Answer 10

An heir: Arthur
A spare: Henry

Question 11

Who was Prince Arthur married to?

Answer 11

Catherine of Aragon in 1489

Question 12

Who married Henry’s daughter Margaret and why?

Answer 12

• James IV of Scotland in 1503
• an alliance to make England’s northern border more secure

Question 13

Who was Mary (Henry’s daughter) betrothed to?

Answer 13

Charles of Burgundy in 1507; marriage called off in 1513

Question 14

When did Prince Arthur die?

Answer 14

1502

Question 15

Prince Henry could marry Catherine of Aragon but:

Answer 15

needed the pope’s permission as they were sister-in-law and brother-in-law

Question 16

When and why did the Spanish-English relationship sour?

Answer 16

• 1504-09
• After Isabelle of Castile’s death in 1504, Spain’s future was uncertain so Henry VII looked for a better match for Prince Henry
• but didn’t let Catherine of Aragon or her dowry return to Spain