Elizabeth's Relations with France and Scotland Flashcards
1
Q
What was MQS and Francis II’s relationship?
A
- Mary was the Queen of Scotland and had married Prince Francis of France.
- Following the death of Francis’ father, Henry II, Mary and her husband became the rulers of France.
- However, Francis II died in 1560 and Mary returned to Scotland.
2
Q
How and why did Elizabeth secure the Scottish Border?
A
- This was to prevent any potential invasion by French and Scottish forces.
- In December 1559, the English navy went to the Firth of Forth (near Edinburgh) to stop French troops from landing
3
Q
How was Elizabeth involved in the Scottish Protestant rebellion?
A
- Under pressure from her advisors, Elizabeth I supported a rebellion in Scotland against Mary of Guise (the regent of Scotland).
- This rebellion was led by John Knox and Scottish noblemen, called the Lords of the Congregation.
- After successfully seizing power, these noblemen formed a parliament and reformed the Church of Scotland.
- This reduced Scotland’s threat to Elizabeth I.
4
Q
What was the Treaty of Edinburgh?
A
- Signed between England, Scotland and France in 1560
- Put an end to the rebellion led by the Lords of the Congregation
- The treaty ended the Auld Alliance between Scotland and France, reducing the threat of these countries to England
- Elizabeth I secured peace with France by signing the Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis.
5
Q
What did the treaties with France and Scotland show about Elizabeth?
A
This demonstrates Elizabeth I’s desire to avoid costly wars and keep peace with England’s neighbours.
6
Q
What were the French Wars of Religion?
A
- In 1562 France was thrust into the Wars of Religion.
- This was a conflict between Catholics and Huguenots (Protestants).
- This internal fighting meant France was less of a threat to England.
7
Q
What did Phillip do with English clothing imports in 1563?
A
- The Netherlands was a vital trading partner with England.
- In 1563, Philip II banned English cloth imports to the Netherlands.
- This damaged England’s economy.
8
Q
Why did Phillip ban English clothing imports?
A
- Supposedly meant to protect the Netherlands against infection from England
- In reality it was a reaction against England’s growing power in their trading relationship.
- It may also have been in response to Elizabeth ignoring the Protestant messages English merchants were spreading to the Dutch people.
9
Q
What was Elizabeth’s response to the import ban?
A
- Elizabeth also banned Dutch imports.
- By 1564, both bans were lifted and trade relations returned to normal.
10
Q
What was the treaty of Spain?
A
Although Elizabeth tried to maintain peace with Philip II, she was aware of the threat he posed.
