Henry VII Relations With Foreign Powers Flashcards
What were Henry’s foreign policy aims?
Maintain good relations and defence
No intention of restarting the Hundred Years War with France🇫🇷!
Why did Henry want to maintain positive relations with foreign powers?
National security
Recognition of the Tudor dynasty
Defence of English trading interests
What was Brittany?
A fiefdom of the French crown which had enjoyed effective independence
When did France invade Brittany?
1487
Why did Henry summon parliament in 1489 after the French invasion of Brittany?
To get extraordinary revenue to raise an army against the French
Had a sense of obligation to the Bretons
Feared that direct control of Brittany could increase a potential French threat to England
What was the treaty with England and Brittany?
The treaty of Redon of February 1489
What was involved in the treaty of Redon?
The duchess Anne would pay for a small English army to defend Brittany from the French threat
How did Henry try and strengthen his position against France in 1489?
An alliance with Maximilian the holy Roman emperor elect
He was a widower and had contracted a marriage by proxy with Anne so had no desire for the duchy of Brittany to fall into French hands
What was France?
The most powerful European country
Why was the English army marooned in Brittany?
Anne feared the futility of prolonged resistance to the French
She surrendered and married Charles VIII
How did Henry’s first foreign adventure fail?
Perkin Warbeck sought French backing for his claim to the English throne
Maximilian lost interest
How did Henry recover his position with France?
Launched an invasion of France in 1492
The French quickly sought a peace settlement
Henry knew Charles was more interested in an invasion of Italy
When was the treaty of etaples signed?
November 1492
What did Charles VIII agree to in the treaty of etaples?
Withdraw support for Warbeck
Pay a pension
Where did the bulk of England’s exports go through?
The ports of the Netherlands 🇳🇱 like Antwerp
Came under burgundy’s jurisdiction
Who was Margaret, duchess of burgundy?
Sister of Edward IV and Richard III
leading upholder of the Yorkist cause
Why did relations between England and burgundy deteriorate?
Due to the hospitality which Maximilian and Philip were offering Warbeck
What did Henry do to ease the matter of Burgundy’s support to Warbeck?
Embargo on English trade with Burgundy
What was the issue of Henry’s trade embargo?
Showed Henry was prepared to sacrifice the commercial interests of London and east coast merchants which didn’t help his popularity in these areas
How were the relations between England and Burgundy restored?
Warbeck left Burgundy
Henry and Philip agreed the Intercursus Magnus in 1496 which brought the trade embargo to an end
What did Henry demand in the Intercursus Malus of 1506?
A trade deal which would have given a stronger trading position to English merchants in the Netherlands. Wasn’t enforced though
What were 3 outcomes of the Treaty of Windsor (between England and Burgundy)?
Proposed marriage alliance between Henry and Philip’s sister, the Archduchess Margaret
Intercursus Malus
Philip agreed to hand over the Earl of Suffolk
What was Spain?
Powerful state ruled over by Ferdinand and Isabella
What did the Treaty of Medina del Campo of 1489 give Henry?
Mutual protection in the event of an attack
Agreed not to harbour rebels or pretenders
Marriage alliance between Arthur, Prince of Wales, and Catherine, Princess of Aragon (married in 1501)
