Henry VII Establishing The Tudor Dynasty

Question 1

How was Henry’s position still insecure?

Answer 1

Many yorkists saw him as a usurper. Not satisfied by marriage to Elizabeth
Yorkist claimants like earls of Warwick and Lincoln
Margaret of Burgundy- sister of Edward IV and Richard III. Dowager duchess of burgundy

Question 2

Who was the first rising against Henry led by? When was it?

Answer 2

Easter 1486

Led by Francis, viscount Lovell and Humphrey Stafford

Question 3

Where did Lovell and Stafford try to raise a rebellion/raise forces?

Answer 3

In Richard III’s heartland of support in the north riding of Yorkshire
Another area of Yorkist support in the midlands

Question 4

What was the end of Lovell and Stafford?

Answer 4

Lovell escaped from kings forces
Stafford captured and executed
Rebellion easily suppressed

Question 5

What is significant about the 1486 rebellion?

Answer 5

Little enthusiasm for a Yorkist rising in their traditional heartlands

Question 6

Who was the figurehead claiming to be a Yorkist prince?

Answer 6

Lambert Simnel passed as the earl of Warwick (who’d been imprisoned by Henry)

Question 7

Who was Simnel crowned as? When?

Answer 7

King Edward in Ireland

May 1487

Question 8

Who put together the Simnel conspiracy?

Answer 8

John de la pole, earl of Lincoln

Question 9

How did Henry respond to the Simnel conspiracy? How did Lincoln react?

Answer 9

Had the real earl of Warwick exhibited in London

Lincoln subsequently fled to Margaret of burgundy’s court in the Netherlands

Question 10

What did Lovell and Lincoln persuade Margaret to do?

Answer 10

Support Simnels highs claim and pay for a force of mercenaries to invade England

Question 11

How did Henry prepare for the battle of stoke field?

Answer 11

Had plenty of notice that a rebellious conspiracy was being planned
Richard III’s main power base in the north so reinstated the rather untrustworthy earl of Northumberland to power- neutralised Richards old power base and ensured the Yorkist Howards has no intention of joining he conspiracy (Northumberland one of their descendants)
Reinforced coastal defences in east anglia

Question 12

The rebels of stoke field crossed the pennies to drum up support in Richard III’s old heartland in the north rising of Yorkshire. What was the reaction there?

Answer 12

The Yorkist gentry we’re reluctant to commit themselves wholeheartedly to the cause

Question 13

When was the battle of stoke field?

Answer 13

1487

Question 14

Where did the two armies of the battle of stoke field meet?

Answer 14

East stoke near Newark in Nottinghamshire

Question 15

What was the result of the battle of stoke field?

Answer 15

Henry’s army was led effectively by the earl of oxford
Earl of Lincoln killed in the battle having been unable to add sufficient followers to the army of mercenaries with which he had landed in England

Question 16

What was the significance of Henry’s victory at the battle of stoke field?

Answer 16

Brought an end to the wars of the roses

Henry’s position became safer

Question 17

How did Henry deal with the rebels of the battle of stoke field?

Answer 17

Mild in his treatment of them
This won over some yorkists who’d previously opposed him
Began to develop the policy of using bonds of good behaviour to ensure well behaved landowners who might otherwise face financial ruin

Question 18

Who was perkin Warbeck?

Answer 18

Cloth trader from Tournai in Flanders

Persistent irritant to Henry over 8 years

Question 19

Who did Warbeck claim to be?

Answer 19

Richard, duke of York

Question 20

Why was Warbeck considered a potentially serious threat?

Answer 20

He attracted patronage from foreign rulers

Question 21

When did Warbeck begin to impersonate Richard, duke of York in Ireland?

Answer 21

1491

Question 22

Where did Warbeck flee to after a brief appearance at the court of Charles VIII of France?

Answer 22

The court of Margaret of burgundy

This is where he was trained as potential Yorkist prince and began to draw English courtiers into his conspiracies

Question 23

How could Warbeck’s first attempt to land in England in 1495 be considered a fiasco?

Answer 23

One of Henry’s royal agents, sir Robert Clifford, informed him of Warbecks intentions
Clifford had infiltrated Warbecks retinue
Warbeck quickly defeated and fled to James IV of Scotland’s court

Question 24

How could Warbeck’s first attempt to land in England in 1495 be considered as a success?

Answer 24

The conspirators had an accomplice in the heart of Henry’s government, sir William Stanley (Henry’s step uncle)
Stanley was lord chamberlain and headed the royal household when household government was the normal model of political operation

Question 25

What does modern historian Christine carpenter believe about the Warbeck conspiracy?

Answer 25

It revealed Henry at his most vulnerable in the very place where he should have been most secure

Question 26

How did Warbeck fail to invade England from Scotland in 1496?

Answer 26

Small Scottish force crossed the border on Warbecks behalf but quickly retreated
James agreed to Henry’s offer of marriage to his daughter Margaret

Question 27

What made Warbeck eventually surrender to the king?

Answer 27

Warbeck tried to exploit the uncertainties created by the 1497 Cornish rebellion but his forces were crushed

Question 28

How did Henry punish Warbeck?

Answer 28

Allowed Warbeck to stay at court but confined him to the tower after he tried to abscond
Having allegedly tried to escape with the earl of Warwick they were executed in 1499

Question 29

Who were Edmund, earl of Suffolk, and Richard de la pole?

Answer 29

Brothers of the earl of Lincoln

Question 30

When did Suffolk flee to the court of the emperor Maximilian?

Answer 30

1501

Question 31

What did the treaty of Windsor (1506) mean for Suffolk?

Answer 31

Maximilian gave Suffolk up

Henry executed him in 1513 which left Richard de la pole nicknamed the ‘white rose’