Henry VII - Perkin Warbeck and Lambert Simnel

Question 1

who were the Princes in the Tower?

Answer 1

Edward V of York and Richard, Duke of York, sons of King Edward IV

Question 2

What was Henry VII’s claim to the throne?

Answer 2

his grandfather remarried Henry V’s widow and his mother was descended from an illegitimate branch of John of Gaunt’s line - he didn’t have one

Question 3

When did Henry win the Battle of Bosworth?

Answer 3

22nd August 1485

Question 4

What steps did Henry take within the first year of his reign to secure his power?

Answer 4

Made parliament backdate his reign to 21st Aug so could declare those who fought against as traitors
legitimised marriage of Elizabeth Woodville and Edward V - gain Yorkist support and legitimise his marriage to Elizabeth of York
made Jasper Tudor Chief Justice in Wales
Gave positions to the Stanleys
Made Thomas Lovell and John Morton positions at court as they had turned against Richard
married Elizabeth of York

Question 5

When did Staffords and Lovell try and create a rebellion?

Answer 5

April 1486

Question 6

Where did they try to raise support? In whose name?

Answer 6

Midlands and Yorkshire. The Earl of Warwick (Edward IV’s nephew)

Question 7

How did Henry put down the Stafford’s rebellion?

Answer 7

He advanced towards Midlands w/Jasper and fought them in Yorkshire. Staffords forcibly removed from sanctuary by Henry - Humphrey executed but Thomas pardoned. Lovell fled to Burgundy

Question 8

Which Stanley was related to Henry and how?

Answer 8

Thomas Stanley. He had remarried Henry’s mother and Henry made him Earl of Derby after the BoB

Question 9

When did rumours begin that Simnel claiming to be the Earl of Warwick?

Answer 9

November 1486

Question 10

What did Henry do in response? When?

Answer 10

February 1487 - paraded the real Earl of Warwick through London

Question 11

What happened when Simnel arrived in Ireland? Who accompanied him? When?

Answer 11

He was crowned King of Dublin. Was with Thomas Lovell and John de la Pole. May 1487

Question 12

What happened on 4th June 1487?

Answer 12

A rebel army from Ireland arrived in Furness

Question 13

When was the army in Furness defeated? Who died?

Answer 13

16th June. De la Pole died

Question 14

What aid did Margaret of Burgundy give to Simnel’s cause?

Answer 14

2,000 German mercenaries

Question 15

How many Acts of Attainder did Henry pass? What Chamber did he develop?

Answer 15

28. Court of the Star Chamber - used to deal with nobility/gentry when they used their power to undermine judicial processes

Question 16

When and where did Warbeck first emerge claiming to be the Duke of York?

Answer 16

Cork, Ireland in 1491

Question 17

What prevented Warbeck getting more Irish support?

Answer 17

After the Simnel incident, the Earl of Kildare was reluctant to help even though the Irish people were enthusiastic but Kildare was still removed as deputy

Question 18

Which foreign powers gave Warbeck support, when and how?

Answer 18

1492 - France –> Charles VIII treated him like royalty
1493 - Burgundy –> Margaret claims to recognise him
HRE –> Emperor Maximilian gives him support

Question 19

What did William Stanley do that could be perceived as a betrayal?

Answer 19

He was Lord Chamberlain of the Royal Household and made plans for someone to go and speak to Warbeck on his behalf

Question 20

When was Stanley executed?

Answer 20

Feb 1495, months after it was first discovered

Question 21

When did Warbeck attempt a landing in Deal? How many men did he have? How did it go?

Answer 21

July 1495 with 300 men. Failed to gain local support and fled, his men were killed

Question 22

Where did Warbeck invade after Deal? When? With who? How many men?

Answer 22

Tried to invade the North of England from Scotland with James IV’s support in September 1496. Had 1,400 men. Also had support from Margaret of Burgundy but it failed and they returned to Scotland

Question 23

When was the Cornish Rebellion? How many people revolted? How far did they get? How did Henry put it down?

Answer 23

June 1497. 15,000 rebels. Made it to Blackheath, Kent

Had to divert troops from fighting Warbeck in the North to Kent, but was successful against rebels

Question 24

Where was Warbeck forced out of in July 1487?

Answer 24

Scotland then Ireland

Question 25

Where did Warbeck land in Sep 1497? How many men did he arrive with and how many did he attract?
Who dealt with it and how?

Answer 25

Land’s End, Cornwall
Arrived with 300 men
Picked up 3,000-8,000 but no gentry/nobility
Earl of Devon defended Exeter and drove rebels out to Taunton where they were trapped and Warbeck was captured

Question 26

When were Warbeck and the Earl of Warwick executed?

Answer 26

December 1499

Question 27

Who did Henry send to Ireland in 1494?

Answer 27

Sir Edward Poynings - established British rule

Question 28

What happened to Kildare from 1496?

Answer 28

He was arrested for treason and imprisoned in England until 1496
He was made Lord Deputy again in 1496 but had to leave his eldest son at court, ensuring his loyalty
Didn’t support Warbeck’s invasion in 1497

Question 29

What was the Auld Alliance?

Answer 29

An alliance between France and Scotland against England

Question 30

What happened in Brittany?

Answer 30

France invaded in 1487 and Henry responded in 1489 with an army of 3,000 men - they were defeated and France absorbed Brittany in 1491 - a threat to England as they now controlled the entire opposite coast

Question 31

What happened as a result of the Brittany campaign?

Answer 31

1489 - Tax revolt in Yorkshire due to tax increases to pay for Brittany. Earl of Northumberland killed trying to stop it

Question 32

What did Henry do in 1492 to trry and make France reconsider supporting Warbeck?

Answer 32

His troops marched to Boulogne and beseiged it. Charles didn’t want a war and was willing to negotiate

Question 33

What were the terms of the Treaty of Étaples (1492)?

Answer 33

Charles wouldn’t harbour Henry’s enemies

France paid Henry 50,000 crowns pa

Question 34

When did Henry put a trade embargo on Burgundy? How did Philip respond?

Answer 34

1493. Put a trade embargo on English goods in 1494

Question 35

What happened in 1494 in Italy?

Answer 35

War broke out between France and Burgundy over land in Italy which reduced the threat of both of them to England

Question 36

What was Intercursus Magnus and when was it signed?

Answer 36

1496 - agreement to lift embargo, Margaret would stop supporting Warbeck, Henry wouldn’t support Burgundy’s enemies and joined League of Venice against France but didn’t have to take part in the wars

Question 37

What was James IV prepared to do for Warbeck?

Answer 37

Arrange a marriage between him and his cousin, Lady Catherine Gordon

Question 38

What was the Truce of Ayton and when was it signed?

Answer 38

September 1497 - An agreement that James would mary Henry’s daughter Margaret. Lasted 7 years

Question 39

How many noble families did Henry place under financial control during his reign?

Answer 39

36/62