Henry VII

Question 1

when was the battle Bosworth?

Answer 1

22nd august 1485

Question 2

when did Henry date his reign from?

Answer 2

21st august 1485 to ensure Yorkists as traitors

Question 3

who were the key appointments Henry made to the council?

Answer 3

sir Reginald bray as chancellor and sir William Stanley as chamberlain of the household

Question 4

what was the Acts of attainder?

Answer 4

declared Yorkist landowners of rebelling and the noble lost their title, land and sometimes head

Question 5

who was viscount Lovell?

Answer 5

a supporter of Richard iii, tried to raise a rebellion in 1486 in north riding of Yorkshire, Lovell escaped kings forces

Question 6

who was Lambert simnel?

Answer 6

simnel was being passed off as the earl of Warwick in a conspiracy by John de la pole. they persuaded Margaret of burgundy to pay for mercenaries to invade England. led to battle of stoke field.

Question 7

when was the battle of stoke field? what happened?

Answer 7

1487- Henry’s forces met the mercenaries at east stoke. John de la pole was killed in battle and Henry won

Question 8

who was perkin warbeck?

Answer 8

He began to impersonate the duke of York in Ireland 1491 and then fled to France and then to Margaret of burgundy .

Question 9

when did warbeck land in England?

Answer 9

1495- he was defeated and fled to James iv, and in 1496 a small Scottish force crossed the boarder on warbecks behalf

Question 10

when was warbeck finally caught?

Answer 10

he tried to exploit Cornish rebellion in 1497 but he surrendered to the king and was imprisoned in the tower and executed in 1499

Question 11

who was the earl of Warwick?

Answer 11

a Yorkist claimant aged 10, executed in 1499

Question 12

how many men attended Henry’s council during his reign?

Answer 12

227

Question 13

what was the great council?

Answer 13

a meeting of the House of Lords. only met 5 times in Henry’s reign

Question 14

what was the council learned?

Answer 14

its function was to maintain the kings revenue and exploit prerogative rights.

Question 15

who lead the council learned?

Answer 15

began under Reginald brays leadership. after brays death in 1503 Empson and Dudley took over who were very unpopular

Question 16

what was the privy chamber?

Answer 16

the kings private quarters, in the later half of his reign Henry ruled from here

Question 17

how many parliaments did Henry VII have?

Answer 17

7

Question 18

what was the purpose of parliaments?

Answer 18

To grant extraordinary revenue.

Question 19

what where fifteenths and tenths?

Answer 19

standard taxes paid by town and boroughs to the crown

Question 20

what where bonds?

Answer 20

a document which bound an individual to perform and action or pay a sum of money

Question 21

what was a recognisance?

Answer 21

an acknowledgement of debt which could be enforced through financial penalty

Question 22

what did the crown lands income increase to?

Answer 22

it was £12,000 and by the end of the reign increased to £42,000 per year

Question 23

what was the pension Henry got from treaty of etaples

Answer 23

£5000 per year

Question 24

how much did Henry raise in extraordinary taxation?

Answer 24

£400,000

Question 25

How much had Henry amassed in wealth and jewels?

Answer 25

£1,800,000

Question 26

when was the French invasion of Brittany?

Answer 26

1487

Question 27

when was the treaty of Redon with Brittany?

Answer 27

1489

Question 28

when was the treaty of Medina del campo?what did it state?

Answer 28

1489 * monarchs agreed mutual protection * arranged marriage between Catherine of Aragon and Arthur * agreed not to harbour pretenders

Question 29

when did England invade France?

Answer 29

1492

Question 30

when was the treaty of etaples?what was it?

Answer 30

1492 * Charles viii withdrew support for warbeck * paid Henry a pension £5000 per annum

Question 31

when was the trade embargo on the Netherlands? what was the reason for this?

Answer 31

1493- Margaret of burgundys support for perkin warbeck

Question 32

when was the intercursus Magnus?

Answer 32

1496- ended trade embargo

Question 33

when was Truce of Ayton with Scotland?

Answer 33

1497

Question 34

when was the intercurus malus

Answer 34

1506- never implemented

Question 35

when was the treaty of perpetual peace? what did it agree?

Answer 35

1502- sanctioned the marriage of princess Margaret to james iv, married in 1503

Question 36

when was poynings law?

Answer 36

1495

Question 37

when did prince Arthur die?

Answer 37

1502

Question 38

how many men made up the nobility?

Answer 38

50-60

Question 39

what percentage of land did knights own?

Answer 39

15%-20%

Question 40

when was the Yorkshire rebellion? what was the cause?

Answer 40

1489- caused by need for taxation

Question 41

when was the Cornish rebellion? what was the cause?

Answer 41

1497- caused by need to tax

Question 42

how many were involved in the Cornish rebellion?

Answer 42

15,000

Question 43

how far did the Cornish rebels get?

Answer 43

they marched on London being halted at blackheath

Question 44

what was population of England?

Answer 44

2.2 million

Question 45

By how much did cloth increase?

Answer 45

60%

Question 46

which group controlled exports of wool?

Answer 46

merchants of the staple

Question 47

what port did most English trade go through?

Answer 47

Antwerp

Question 48

which group dominated cloth trade in London?

Answer 48

merchant adventurers

Question 49

which group controlled trade in the Baltic Sea?

Answer 49

the Hanseatic league

Question 50

What were Henry VII foreign policy aims

Answer 50

* national security * dynastic recognition * defence of trade

Question 51

how did Henry VII reward those loyal to him?

Answer 51

* gave out 11 knighthoods | * made key appointments to the council and household

Question 52

When was the privy chamber created?

Answer 52

1495 after the betrayal of William Stanley

Question 53

When was the council learned created?

Answer 53

1495

Question 54

what were navigation acts? when were they?

Answer 54

introduced 1485 and 1489 to ensure English products were carried on English ships to maximise profits gained

Question 55

what was the treaty of Windsor? when was it?

Answer 55

1506: secured stronger relationship with juana and Philip and agreed to hand over Edmund de la pole. negotiated intercursus malus

Question 56

how many men made up the peerage/nobility?

Answer 56

50-60 men

Question 57

through what methods did Henry control the nobility

Answer 57

* bonds and recognisances * acts of attainder * taking back crown lands * acts against retaining * feudal dues

Question 58

what was retaining?

Answer 58

recruiting local gentry to serve as private militia

Question 59

how did Henry attempt to limit retaining?

Answer 59

in 1485 parliament had to swear to not retain illegally and in 1504 nobles had to acquire licenses to retain, had £5 penalty

Question 60

how many acts of attainder did Henry pass and reverse?

Answer 60

passed 138 and reversed 46

Question 61

between 1485-1509 how many noble families gave bonds or recognisances to Henry?

Answer 61

36/62 noble families gave bonds or recognisances

Question 62

how many of the nobility were under bonds and recognisances by 1502?

Answer 62

2/3 of nobility

Question 63

what is an example of lord breaking laws of retaining?

Answer 63

lord Burgavenney fined £70,550 for retaining in 1506