Henry VII Flashcards
when was the battle Bosworth?
22nd august 1485
when did Henry date his reign from?
21st august 1485 to ensure Yorkists as traitors
who were the key appointments Henry made to the council?
sir Reginald bray as chancellor and sir William Stanley as chamberlain of the household
what was the Acts of attainder?
declared Yorkist landowners of rebelling and the noble lost their title, land and sometimes head
who was viscount Lovell?
a supporter of Richard iii, tried to raise a rebellion in 1486 in north riding of Yorkshire, Lovell escaped kings forces
who was Lambert simnel?
simnel was being passed off as the earl of Warwick in a conspiracy by John de la pole. they persuaded Margaret of burgundy to pay for mercenaries to invade England. led to battle of stoke field.
when was the battle of stoke field? what happened?
1487- Henry’s forces met the mercenaries at east stoke. John de la pole was killed in battle and Henry won
who was perkin warbeck?
He began to impersonate the duke of York in Ireland 1491 and then fled to France and then to Margaret of burgundy .
when did warbeck land in England?
1495- he was defeated and fled to James iv, and in 1496 a small Scottish force crossed the boarder on warbecks behalf
when was warbeck finally caught?
he tried to exploit Cornish rebellion in 1497 but he surrendered to the king and was imprisoned in the tower and executed in 1499
who was the earl of Warwick?
a Yorkist claimant aged 10, executed in 1499
how many men attended Henry’s council during his reign?
227
what was the great council?
a meeting of the House of Lords. only met 5 times in Henry’s reign
what was the council learned?
its function was to maintain the kings revenue and exploit prerogative rights.
who lead the council learned?
began under Reginald brays leadership. after brays death in 1503 Empson and Dudley took over who were very unpopular
what was the privy chamber?
the kings private quarters, in the later half of his reign Henry ruled from here
how many parliaments did Henry VII have?
7
what was the purpose of parliaments?
To grant extraordinary revenue.
what where fifteenths and tenths?
standard taxes paid by town and boroughs to the crown
what where bonds?
a document which bound an individual to perform and action or pay a sum of money
what was a recognisance?
an acknowledgement of debt which could be enforced through financial penalty
what did the crown lands income increase to?
it was £12,000 and by the end of the reign increased to £42,000 per year
what was the pension Henry got from treaty of etaples
£5000 per year
how much did Henry raise in extraordinary taxation?
£400,000
How much had Henry amassed in wealth and jewels?
£1,800,000
when was the French invasion of Brittany?
1487
when was the treaty of Redon with Brittany?
1489
when was the treaty of Medina del campo?what did it state?
1489
- monarchs agreed mutual protection
- arranged marriage between Catherine of Aragon and Arthur
- agreed not to harbour pretenders
when did England invade France?
1492
when was the treaty of etaples?what was it?
1492
- Charles viii withdrew support for warbeck
- paid Henry a pension £5000 per annum
when was the trade embargo on the Netherlands? what was the reason for this?
1493- Margaret of burgundys support for perkin warbeck
when was the intercursus Magnus?
1496- ended trade embargo
when was Truce of Ayton with Scotland?
1497
when was the intercurus malus
1506- never implemented
when was the treaty of perpetual peace? what did it agree?
1502- sanctioned the marriage of princess Margaret to james iv, married in 1503
when was poynings law?
1495
when did prince Arthur die?
1502
how many men made up the nobility?
50-60
what percentage of land did knights own?
15%-20%
when was the Yorkshire rebellion? what was the cause?
1489- caused by need for taxation
when was the Cornish rebellion? what was the cause?
1497- caused by need to tax
how many were involved in the Cornish rebellion?
15,000
how far did the Cornish rebels get?
they marched on London being halted at blackheath
what was population of England?
2.2 million
By how much did cloth increase?
60%
which group controlled exports of wool?
merchants of the staple
what port did most English trade go through?
Antwerp
which group dominated cloth trade in London?
merchant adventurers
which group controlled trade in the Baltic Sea?
the Hanseatic league
What were Henry VII foreign policy aims
- national security
- dynastic recognition
- defence of trade
how did Henry VII reward those loyal to him?
- gave out 11 knighthoods
* made key appointments to the council and household
When was the privy chamber created?
1495 after the betrayal of William Stanley
When was the council learned created?
1495
what were navigation acts? when were they?
introduced 1485 and 1489 to ensure English products were carried on English ships to maximise profits gained
what was the treaty of Windsor? when was it?
1506: secured stronger relationship with juana and Philip and agreed to hand over Edmund de la pole. negotiated intercursus malus
how many men made up the peerage/nobility?
50-60 men
through what methods did Henry control the nobility
- bonds and recognisances
- acts of attainder
- taking back crown lands
- acts against retaining
- feudal dues
what was retaining?
recruiting local gentry to serve as private militia
how did Henry attempt to limit retaining?
in 1485 parliament had to swear to not retain illegally and in 1504 nobles had to acquire licenses to retain, had £5 penalty
how many acts of attainder did Henry pass and reverse?
passed 138 and reversed 46
between 1485-1509 how many noble families gave bonds or recognisances to Henry?
36/62 noble families gave bonds or recognisances
how many of the nobility were under bonds and recognisances by 1502?
2/3 of nobility
what is an example of lord breaking laws of retaining?
lord Burgavenney fined £70,550 for retaining in 1506
