Henry Tudor's foreign policy Flashcards
What were the aims of Henry’s foreign policy?
- Good relations with foreign European powers
- Prevent foreign support for Yorkist challengers
- Improve revenue from trade
How many troops did Henry commit to protect Brittany under the terms of the Treaty of Redon? (1489)
6000 troops
Was Henry successful in protecting Brittany?
France made peace with Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. Brittany was forced to accept defeat. Henry had failed to protect Brittany and now faced a possible invasion.
What was agreed by the Treaty of Etaples? (1492)
France agreed:
- They would give no aid to English rebels, particularly Warbeck
- An annual pension of approximately £5000 a year
What was Henry’s foreign policy after the Treaty of Etaples?
England was included in the Holy League in 1496 which had the aim of driving France out of Italy. By 1508, it had appeared that Henry had created a three way alliance between France, Netherlands and England, effectively an anti-Ferdinand alliance named the League of Cambrai. However, Louis XII decided not to sign and joined Ferdinand in signing and agreement that was anti-Venice. England was not included but they were not threatened by continental powers.
What problem did Scotland pose to Henry VII? (1495)
The traditional Auld Alliance increased the danger for Henry. When James IV came to the throne in 1495, he desired war with England. He welcomed Perkin
Warbeck in July 1495 and married him to his cousin Lady Catherine Gordon. James IV provided military support to Warbeck but his invasion failed as it received very limited support in England.
How did Henry deal with the problem of Scotland?
In 1497, he signed the Truce of Ayton which became a full treaty in 1499. The treaty was reinforced by the marriage of Henry’s eldest daughter Margaret to James IV in 1503.
What was agreed with the Treaty of Medina del Campo (1489)?
i) Arthur and Catherine of Aragon would marry
ii) Catherine’s dowry would be £40,000
iii) Spain would not help English rebels
iv) There were benefits for English trade with Spain
v) If either country were at war with France, the other would invade immediately
What happened in early 1506 which benefitted Henry in terms of national security?
Bad weather drove Phillip of Burgundy onto the English coast. He was forced to hand over the Earl of Suffolk.
What benefit did the Treaty of Medina del Campo have for English trade? (1489)
It allowed the export of goods from Spain in foreign ships.
Compare income from custom duties in 1485 to 1509.
1485- £33,000
1509- £40,000
Why was an embargo placed on Burgundy between 1493-6?
Margaret had given support to Perkin Warbeck.
What did the Magnus Intercursus do? (1496)
It allowed free trade of cloth between England and Burgundy.
What was the Malus Intercursus? (1506)
Burgundians exports would face customs while English would not. However, it was so unpopular with Burgundy that the Magnus Intercursus was restored in 1507.
What was a limitation of English trade with Spain?
They would not allow Henry VII access to the New World.
