Henry IV, 1399-1413 Flashcards
Which three problems did Henry face at the start of his reign
- usurpation
- rival claimants
- epiphany rising
Why did Henry face problems due to his usurpation
he set a precedent for ‘over-mighty subjects’ to oust the king, his legitimacy is questionable - monarchs ordained by God
How did Henry solve the problems regarding his usurpation
1399 - 39 Accusations
What were the 39 Accusations
39 accusations against Richard II, read in Parliament, justified the usurpation due to Richard’s immoral rule
Why did Henry face problems due to rivals claimants
- Richard II was still alive
- by primogeniture rule Edmund Mortimer, 5th E of March should’ve been king
How did Henry solve the problems regarding richard as a rival claimant
- Richard died in 1400, Henry displayed his body to remove doubt
What was the Epiphany Rising
attempt to restore Richard II to the throne by murdering Henry and his sons
Who was involved in the Epiphany Rising
Earls of Huntingdon, Kent, Salisbury and Sir Thomas Despenser
How did Henry solve the problems regarding the Epiphany Rising
- warned so he fled with his family to safety in London, solved for him - rebels killed by local people
What was the negative consequence of the Epiphany Rising
evidence that Richard would pose a threat as long as he lived
Why did Henry survive the threats of 1399-1400
- unpopularity of Richard
- use of wardship
- justifying usurpation
Who lead the Welsh rebellion
Owain Glyndwr
What were the aims of the Welsh rebellion
destruction of Lancastrian regime, end of English language in Wales, death of Henry
Why did the Welsh rebellion divide Henry from his former allies, the Percies
Hotspur wanted to negotiate with Welsh to focus on Scotland, Hotspur wanted 3rd E of March to be freed
What were the events of the Welsh rebellion
Welsh raided towns, 1402 captured 3rd E of March, tension and raids continue until 1409
What was Henry’s reaction to the Welsh rebellion
passed laws in Parliament against the Welsh
Why was Edmund Mortimer, 3rd E of March important in the Welsh rebellion
he changed his loyalties, sided with the Welsh, claimed his nephew (5th E of March) should be king
Why did Henry Percy rebel
increasingly dissatisfied with Henry IV
Who did Hotspur rebel with
his uncle, E of Worcester
How did Hotspur rebel
claimed allegiance to Richard in Cheshire, fought royal army and died
Why is Cheshire significant
base for Richard supporters
Why was holding on to Acquitane difficult for Henry
Richard was popular there
What fighting took place with France
piracy - restricted trade, raids on the south coast
What role did the Duke of Orleans play in the tensions with France
challenged Henry to an armed combat in an attempt to embarrass Henry after his military success
