Edward IV, 1461-83 Flashcards by Amber PImblett

when was edward’s first reign

1461-1470

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when was edwards second reign

1471-1483

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which of the 7 seven battles during henry vi was edward at

all apart from wakefield

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who was the french king during edwards reing

louis xi

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how did edward secure an allaince with the duke of burgundy

EIV’s sister married the duke in 1468

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name the two remaining lancastrians by 1472

henry and jasper tudor

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how many yorkists fled to brittany in 1483

400

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who did richard of gloucester marry

anne neville

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why was there lots of tension at the start of edward’s first reign

having been in so many battles he had many enemies

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what were the two problems with edward’s legitimacy

usurper
henry vi still alive

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what is the full name of the earl of warwick

richard neville

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what powerbase did warwick have

captain of calais
admiral
warden (scottish borders)
lots of money, land and influence

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what can warwick be described as

overmighty subject

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what are the reasons for the alienation of warwick

embarrassed bc edward secretly married whilst he was negotiating
favoured alliance w F - EIV favoured alliance w burgundy
withdrew from court 1467
no chance of F alliance after EIV allies w burgundy

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what are the reasons for the alienation of clarence

opposed EIVs marriage
resented woodville influence
EIV initially denied clarence to marry warwick’s daughter = embarrassed

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what are the three stages to the rebellion of warwick and clarence

1 - yorkist disputes
2 - lancastrian involvement
3 - french involvement

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what happened in the first stage of warwick and clarence’s rebellion

battle of edgecoat : W+C vs EIV’s army, pembroke and welsh army

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who won the battle of edgecoat

W+C

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who died at the battle of edgecoat

Pembroke

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what happened to EIV at the battle of edgecoat

captured by W+C

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what was the impact of the battle of edgecoat

lawlessness increased, people turned on warwick because he captured EIV

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why was EIV released after the battle of edgecoat

warwick had become very unpopular with the nobility

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what was the second stage of warwick and clarence’s rebellion

took advantage of a rebellion in Lincolnshire leading to Battle of Losecoat Field

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who won the battle of losecoat field

EIV

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what happened to warwick after the battle of losecoat field

fled to france

what alliance was created after the battle of losecoat field

warwick and clarence and margaret of anjou

who arranged the alliance between W, C and M of Anjou

Louis XI

why did Louis XI arrange the alliance between W, C and M of Anjou

to create problems, his aim was to get henry VI back

what was the impact of the alliance between W, C and M of Anjou

HVI released from prison, restored to the throne and Edward fleed to France

how did W and M of Anjou support Louis XI

helped him attack burgundy

what was the impact of W and M of Anjou supporting Louis XI

Warwick lost all support from parliament

who helped EIV get back on the throne

duke of burgundy

how did the duke of burgundy help EIV get back on the throne

gave him £20,000, body guards and ships for invasion

why did clarence rejoin EIV

- his alliance with Warwick was no longer beneficial - the advice he got from his mother and sisters

who died at the battle of barnet

warwick

who dies at the battle of tewkesbury

most of the lancastrian magnates that had opposed EIV

what are the 4 reasons EIV was able to regain his thrown

- D of Burgundy support - trickery and leadership - divided opponents - leadership and military skill

how many men did EIV invade with

500 - went up to 1200 when people joined later

what trickery was involved in EIV regaining his throne

claimed he had only returned to claim his inheritance as Duke of York and claimed to support henry

did EIV's trickery work

yes he met no resistance and nobles helped feed his army

what divisions were there amoungst EIV's opponents

- M of Anjou in F - lancastrians didn't trust W - HVI seen as weak

what land did the D of G have

- warwick's N properties - leadership of council of N

what land did the D of C have

- warwick's S properties - restored to all his previous properties when rejoined E

what political rivalry was there over land between C and G

E wanted C to give the percies back their land - C got angry - E gives C earldom of richmond to calm him down - that earldom was meant to go to G

who did G marry

anne neville

who did C marry

isabel neville

what problems were there between C and G over marriage

both married warwick's daughters which caused problems over the inheritance

how did EIV solve problems over the inheritance of W

disinherited other claimants to W's stuff (W's wife) so the inheritance was split equally between C and G

why did W's inheritance embarrass EIV

C and G continually fighting, having to disinherit other claimants

how did EIV punish C and G for fighting over the inheritance

1473 passed acts of resumption to take their land away

why were there illegitimacy rumours about EIV

born in Rouen in 1444 - dad was away from mum at supposed conception

in which two ways did the death of isabel neville cause problems

- C blames Ankarette Twynhoe - C tries to get foreign bride

what were C's two attempts to get a foreign bride

- marry D of B's daughter - marry K of Scotland's daughter

how did EIV respond to C's wishes to marry a foreign bride

says no because it would make C too powerful

how did the killing of ankarette lead to the downfall of C

EIV hated C's behaviour - started looking for evidence of his treachery

how did C respond to the death of isabel neville

- blamed ankarette twynho and forced the jury to pass a guilty verdict meaning she was hanged

what are the two stages to C's downfall

- arrest of Dr stacey - C violating laws of realm

what was the first stage of C's downfall

- member of C's household Dr Stacy arrested for using magic to predict early death of EIV - found guilty and executed

what was the second stage of C's downfall

- C storms in P meeting reading Dr Stacey's declaration of independence - arrested for violating laws of the realm and interference w justice sys - charged for treason

what did C read when he stormed into P

Dr Stacey's declaration of independence

what was C arrested for

violating laws of the realm and interference with the justice system

what lancastrian resistance did EIV receive

- battle of Hexham - battle of Hedgeley Moor

who did EIV marry

elizabeth woodville

what are the 4 reasons EIV's marriage to elizabeth woodville was bad

- lancastrian widow - 2 children - no diplomatic/financial advantages - large family

did clarence marry isabel with or without EIV's permission

without

by when was EIV solvent

1483

what affected EIV's management of money

- econ recession affected trade - ended trade war w burgundy - reduced cost of household - increased efficiency of royal land management - kept money after tax for war w france that didn't happen

what was EIV's splendour at court

- 6'3 - richly embroidered - jousting competitions - good food - colourful clothes

what happened to C's land after his fall

G gained all Warwick's land - redistributed other land to woodstocks

what important french treaty was there

treaty of picquigny

what were the terms in the treaty of picquigny

- 7 year truce - £15,000 upfront - £10,000 a year pension

what was EIV's relationship with scotland

poor - continued raids across the borders, tax for war

which family did EIV rely on

nevilles

which two new nobles did EIV create

- herbert - hastings

what was EIV's relationship with his nobles like

small support network - C, G, Warwick, Woodvilles, Herbert and Hastings

why did the woodvilles cause problems with the nobility

EIV gave the woodvilles titles the other nobles thought they deserved