Henry 7 Flashcards
What was h7 claim to the throne
Through mother, direct descendant of Edward 3 (weak claim)
Beat Richard 3 at BOB in 1485
H7 aims
Secure the Tudor dynasty through a male heir
Calm the nobility after the wars of the roses
Secure royal finance
Build an effective government
How did h7 consolidate his power
Marriage to Elizabeth of York and birth of Arthur in 1486
Use of carrots and chicks to control nobility
Government reforms, reduce privy council and only keep lawyers
Dated reign before the BOB by one day to punish supporters of Richard
Coronation before calling 1st parliament
Those who had yorkist claim were imprisoned
Award supporters from BOB publicly,
How many knightships did h7 give to his supporters in BOB
11
Henry sticks
Recognisances- Acknowledged debt
Crown lands regained e.g 1486 act of resumption recover all crown land given away before war of roses
Feudal dues
What year was the act of resumption
1486
How much was Duchess of Buckingham fined for marrying without kings licence?
£7000
Henry’s carrots
11 knighthoods given out
Patronage- given titles or land
Order of the garter- title but no real power
How many knights of the garter did Henry create
37
Lovell threat, 1486
1486 plan to create army and take throne from h7
Yorkist supporters
H knew and advanced, Lovell escapes, other leaders captured and executed
Lambert Simnel
1487
Pretended to be earl of Warwick
Crowned king in Ireland
Foreign support form Margaret of burgundy ( 2000 soldiers)
Rebels defeated quickly at battle of stokes field and young simnel given work in the kitchens
Perkin Warbeck
1491 impersonating Richard
Invade England 1495 but no support
Foreign support from France, Scotland, Margaret of Burgundy
1497 captured after attempted invasion, imprisoned but broke out with earl of Warwick in 1499
Executed 1499
Central government
Top of gov H7, followed by council
Council made up of small group, nobility, clergy and lawyers
Permanent body with a permanent body
Aims of council
Offer advise to king
Administer law on kings behalf
Control local gov
Edmund Dudley (1462 - 1510)
Became key councillor after death of Reginald Bray (1503)
Creation of council learned in the law, advise of war and collect feudal dues (very unpopular)
Worked closely with Empson
Great council
House of Lords not House of Commons
No real function
Met only 5 times
Regional government
Council of the North ( Thomas Howard oversaw),
Council of Wales (Jasper Tudor)
Council of Ireland ( Edward Poyning)
Local government
Counties most important - Sheriffs and justices of the peace
Courts of assize - serious crimes (treason, murder, rebellion), judges appointed by king
Court of the kings bench - power to override lower courts decisions ( court of assize and local courts)
JP’s
Justice in local courts (4 a year)
Maintain peace in countryside
Detain criminals
Members of kings officials, appointed for life
Sheriffs
Appointed annually
Act as crown’s representative, power to manage elections, detain criminals
How many times was parliament called
Called 7 times
First 5 in first decade, used to control power by issuing acts of attainder
Relations with Scotland
Most vulnerable border (closes to eng)
Scot has Auld alliance with France
James 4 offered support to Perkin Warbeck (1495)
James 4 lose faith in PW and creates peace with h7 1502
Marriage alliance 1503
Treaty of Ayton 1502
Peace treaty with Scotland
In 1503 Henry’s daughter Margaret was to marry James of Scotland
Relations with Spain
Spain ruled by Ferdinand and Isabella, very powerful state (H wants to maintain good relations to avoid war)
