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A Level History > Henry 7 > Flashcards

Henry 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was h7 claim to the throne

A

Through mother, direct descendant of Edward 3 (weak claim)

Beat Richard 3 at BOB in 1485

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2
Q

H7 aims

A

Secure the Tudor dynasty through a male heir

Calm the nobility after the wars of the roses

Secure royal finance

Build an effective government

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3
Q

How did h7 consolidate his power

A

Marriage to Elizabeth of York and birth of Arthur in 1486

Use of carrots and chicks to control nobility

Government reforms, reduce privy council and only keep lawyers

Dated reign before the BOB by one day to punish supporters of Richard

Coronation before calling 1st parliament

Those who had yorkist claim were imprisoned

Award supporters from BOB publicly,

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4
Q

How many knightships did h7 give to his supporters in BOB

A

11

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5
Q

Henry sticks

A

Recognisances- Acknowledged debt

Crown lands regained e.g 1486 act of resumption recover all crown land given away before war of roses

Feudal dues

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6
Q

What year was the act of resumption

A

1486

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7
Q

How much was Duchess of Buckingham fined for marrying without kings licence?

A

£7000

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8
Q

Henry’s carrots

A

11 knighthoods given out

Patronage- given titles or land

Order of the garter- title but no real power

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9
Q

How many knights of the garter did Henry create

A

37

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10
Q

Lovell threat, 1486

A

1486 plan to create army and take throne from h7

Yorkist supporters

H knew and advanced, Lovell escapes, other leaders captured and executed

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11
Q

Lambert Simnel

A

1487

Pretended to be earl of Warwick

Crowned king in Ireland

Foreign support form Margaret of burgundy ( 2000 soldiers)

Rebels defeated quickly at battle of stokes field and young simnel given work in the kitchens

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12
Q

Perkin Warbeck

A

1491 impersonating Richard

Invade England 1495 but no support

Foreign support from France, Scotland, Margaret of Burgundy

1497 captured after attempted invasion, imprisoned but broke out with earl of Warwick in 1499

Executed 1499

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13
Q

Central government

A

Top of gov H7, followed by council

Council made up of small group, nobility, clergy and lawyers

Permanent body with a permanent body

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14
Q

Aims of council

A

Offer advise to king

Administer law on kings behalf

Control local gov

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15
Q

Edmund Dudley (1462 - 1510)

A

Became key councillor after death of Reginald Bray (1503)

Creation of council learned in the law, advise of war and collect feudal dues (very unpopular)

Worked closely with Empson

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16
Q

Great council

A

House of Lords not House of Commons

No real function

Met only 5 times

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17
Q

Regional government

A

Council of the North ( Thomas Howard oversaw),

Council of Wales (Jasper Tudor)

Council of Ireland ( Edward Poyning)

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18
Q

Local government

A

Counties most important - Sheriffs and justices of the peace

Courts of assize - serious crimes (treason, murder, rebellion), judges appointed by king

Court of the kings bench - power to override lower courts decisions ( court of assize and local courts)

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19
Q

JP’s

A

Justice in local courts (4 a year)

Maintain peace in countryside

Detain criminals

Members of kings officials, appointed for life

20
Q

Sheriffs

A

Appointed annually

Act as crown’s representative, power to manage elections, detain criminals

21
Q

How many times was parliament called

A

Called 7 times

First 5 in first decade, used to control power by issuing acts of attainder

22
Q

Relations with Scotland

A

Most vulnerable border (closes to eng)

Scot has Auld alliance with France

James 4 offered support to Perkin Warbeck (1495)

James 4 lose faith in PW and creates peace with h7 1502

Marriage alliance 1503

23
Q

Treaty of Ayton 1502

A

Peace treaty with Scotland

In 1503 Henry’s daughter Margaret was to marry James of Scotland

24
Q

Relations with Spain

A

Spain ruled by Ferdinand and Isabella, very powerful state (H wants to maintain good relations to avoid war)

25
Q

Treaty of Medina del campo 1489

A

Marriage alliance between Arthur and Catherine of Aragon

Offer mutual protection for foreign attacks

Not harbour pretenders

26
Q

Issues with medina del campo

A

Ferdinand didn’t want marriage to go ahead while Perkin Warbeck was still a threat but PW dealt with by 1499

After Arthur dies in 1502 Henry attempts to revive treaty through marriage to Henry

27
Q

What year did Arthur and Catherine Marry

A

1501

28
Q

What year did Arthur die

A

1502

29
Q

Relations with France and Brittany, 1487

A

France invades Brittany,

Fear of France invading Eng

30
Q

Treaty of Radon, 1489

A

Extraordinary revenue asked for funding an army against france (Yorkshire rebellion)

Planned for Anne of Brittany in Treaty of Radon for Brittany to pay for English army

But, brittany surrenders to France, marriage between Anne and Charles of france

31
Q

Treaty of Etaples, 1492

A

Henry invades France

France didn’t want a war as engaged with Italy, seek peace with England

Charles would not support PW

French revenue of £5000 per annum

32
Q

In the treaty of etaples how much would France pay Henry

A

£5000 per annum

‘French pension’

33
Q

Economic developments under Henry

A

England largely agricultural

Cloth largest industry, exported to the Netherlands

Henry recognises the importance of trade

34
Q

How much of English exports were cloth

A

90%

35
Q

Navigation acts (1485 - 1486)

A

Attempt to promote trade

Break monopoly of the Hanseatic League

36
Q

Royal finance

A

Number of different sources and methods to raise revenue

  • Crown lands
  • Feudal dues
  • Extraordinary revenue
  • Foreign pension
37
Q

How much money did Henry make from crown lands after 1492

A

£42,000 per annum

38
Q

Customs revenue

A

Majority came from tonnage and poundage (right for crown to raise revenue from the imports and exports of goods)

Made around 36000 per annum

39
Q

Extraordinary revenue

A

Led to rebellion in 1489 and 1497

Raised around £400,000 for emergencies

40
Q

Yorkshire Rebellion

A

1489

Attempts to raise money in order to support Brittany against France

Earl of Northumberland killed during rebellion

41
Q

Cornish Rebellion

A

1497

Tax rebellion over being asked to oay tax towards protecting the northern border against Scotland

42
Q

Relations with Brittany

A

Trade Embargo placed on Burgundy in 1490’s for their support of PW

Trade embargo ends in 1496 with the Intercursus Magnus

43
Q

Nobility

A

Dominate Land Ownership

Relied upon by King for order in countryside

44
Q

Gentry

A

own 15 - 20% of countries land

45
Q

Commoners

A

insecure incomes

conditions improve under H7

A Level History (12 decks)

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