Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology 1 > Hemostasis and Thrombosis > Flashcards

Hemostasis and Thrombosis Flashcards

1
Q

thrombosis

A

inappropriate activation of normal clotting processes in uninjured vessels or thrombotic occlusion after minor injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

hemorrhage

A

defects in hemostatic plug formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

steps of clot formation

A
  1. neurogenic vasoconstriction in response to injury
  2. platelets recruited to injury. adhere to subendothelial matrix and are activated
    3 phospholipid membrane forms upon which clot forms
    4 thrombus formation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

function of epithelial cells

A

maintain blood fluidity

regulate vessel tone- promote vasodilation

prevent aggreation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how do epithelial cells maintain blood fluidity

A

prevent interaction with adhesive proteins like collagent, tissue factor

secretes heparin like molecules

modulates fibrinolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tissue factor

A

membrane protein in smooth muscle, fibroblasts, macrophages, etc.

recognized as nonself trigger for coagulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

platlets

A

formed by megakaryocytes

dense bodies: ADP, ATP, serotonin, calcium

a-granule: VWF, Factor 5, factor 4, fibrinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the three As

A

platelet heomostasis

adhesion to subendothelium mediated by vWF

activation

aggregation- fibrinogen cross links, phospholipids exposed, and mechanical contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

concept of antiplatelet therapy

A

prevents diseases like ischemic heart disease, CAD

aspirin- blocks COX1 in platlets
NSAIDS- blocks COX1
Plavix- blocks ADP receptor
Reopro: block GPIIb/IIIa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

vonwillebrand factor

A

made and stored in endothelial cells and a-granules of platelets

constituitively secreted, and secreted by activation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

vonwillebrand functions

A

adhesion- conformational change

aggregation- binds GPIIb/IIIa

factor 8- protects from cleavage and giudes to site of hemorrhage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which coagulation enzymes are vitamin k dependent?

A

factors 2, 7, 9, and 10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

intrinsic pathway

A 
factor 12 -> 12 a
12a activates
11 -> 11a
11a activates
9 -> 9a
9a in the presence of 8a and Ca
10 -> 10a
10a in the presence of 5a and Ca activates
2 -> 2a
2a in the presence of Ca activates
fibrinogen to fibrin
fibrin in the presence of 13 = crosslinked fibrin = clot
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

extrinsic pathway

A

TF and factor 7a activate
10 -> 10a
10a in the presence of 5a and Ca activates
2 -> 2a
2a in the presence of Ca activates
fibrinogen to fibrin
fibrin in the presence of 13 = crosslinked fibrin = clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

in vivo pathway

A

when TF comes in contact w/ 7a, activates
9 -> 9a
9a in the presence of 8a activates
10 -> 10a
10a in the presence of 5a and Ca activates
2 -> 2a
2a in the presence of Ca activates
fibrinogen to fibrin
fibrin in the presence of 13 = crosslinked fibrin = clot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

thrombin master conductor activates

A

factor 9a, 8 to become 8a, 5 to become 5a, platelets, fibrinolysis, and fibrin

17
Q

what does 13 do?

A

stabilizes clot by crosslinking lysine and glutamine side chain in the fibrin polymers

18
Q

quaternary complex

A

enzyme + cofactor assembled on phospholipid surface by calcium ions

improves efficiency of clotting

19
Q

mechanisms for localized clots

A

anticoagulate systems to prevent clotting of entire vascular tree

endothelial derived (heparin like), thrombomodulin, tissue plasminogen, etc)

20
Q

coumadin

A

vitamin K antagonist, decreases factors 2 7 9 10

21
Q

heparin

A

inhibits factor 10

22
Q

t-PA, urokinase, streptokinase

A

fibrinolytic agents to lyse clot

23
Q

anticoagulant mechanisms

A

antithrombin system

protein c system

fibrinolytic system

24
Q

antithrombin

A

in presence of heparin like molecules, under goes conformational change that acts on thrombin and prevents it from acting further

25
Q

protein c system

A

thrombomodulin- endothelial bound protein binds protein C (vit K dependent). protein S is a cofactor of protein C

protein C inactivates 5 and 8

26
Q

fibrinolytic system

A

plasminogen (t-PA- tissue type, protein bound; u-PA- urokinase type, made in kidney, free in plasma)- converted to plasmin

cleaves fibrin

27
Q

plasminogen activator inhibitr

A

inactivates excess plasminogen

secreted by endothelial cells

28
Q

alpha-2-antiplasmin

A

inactivates excess plasmin

secreted by endothelial cells

Pathology 1 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions