Atrophy/Hypertrophy Flashcards
atrophy vs hypertrophy
atrophy- decrease in the size and or volume of cels and tissue in an organ
hypertrophy- increase in cell size resulting in increase in the volume of an organ
hyperplasia
increase in cell numbers resulting in an increase in the volume of an organ
metaplasia
the replacement of one adult cell type by another adult cell type
dysplasia
literally ‘disordered growth’ = tissue alterations characterized by architectural and cytologic disorder- failure of normal differentiation/pre-neoplasia
“box car” nuclear change
found in hypertrophic myocardial cells
common site for hyperplasia in males
prostate- transition zone
hyperplasia of both glands (papillary infolding) and stroma
responds to androgen treatment or surgical resection
in what way are hypertrophy and hyperplasia similar? different?
both cause growth of tissues
trophy refers to cell size. plasia refers to numbers of cells
how are atrophy and hypertrophy related?
both relate to the size of cells
example of hyperplasia in women?
breast tissue- lactation
example of metaplasia in cervix
ectocervix- stratified squamous
endocervix- simple columnar
inflammation at the transition site results in glandular cells change into squamous
example of metaplasia in bronchi
pseudostratified columnar result in squamous d/t insult, often smoking
barretts esophogus
d/t acid reflux, distal esophogus develops intestine-like (have goblet cells) glandular mucosa
associated w/ cancer
are metaplasia and dysplasia always asssoicated?
no
dysplasia is irreversible, where as metaplasia can be benign and reversible
does dysplasia always start w/ metaplasia
no
