Hemolytic Disease of a Newborn or HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA Flashcards
A Latin for destruction (lysis) of RBC
Hemolytic
Other term for Hyperbilirubinemia
Jaundice
What causes the destruction of RBC
A certain degree of lysis of RBC
Is present when there is excessive destruction of RBC, which leads to elevated bilirubin level
Hemolytic Disease/Hyperbilirubinemia/Jaundice
Is a breakdown of RBC
Bilirubin
Secondary to build up of bilirubin
Yellowish sclera and skin
The total serum of bilirubin level in the CORD BLOOD
0 to 3 mg/100ml
How much of increasing bilirubin level is dangerous for term infants.
20 mg/dl
How much of decreasing level is dangerous for preterm infant?
12 mg/dl
Invasion of bilirubin into the brain cells
Brain damage
How many hours do progressive jaundice occurs
Within 24 hours
Other effects of hyperbilirubinemia
Liver and spleen may enlarge
Extreme Edema
Anemia
Causes bilirubin to be removed from the body into feces. It initiate early bowel elimination.
Initiation of early breastfeeding
Why infants liver processes littler bilirubin in utero
Due to mothers circulation
Triggers the liver to assure the function and would speed the conversion potential of liver
Exposure to light
Kinds of specialized light for exposure of the infant
Quartz Halogen
Cool White Daylight
Special Blue fluorescent Light
How many inches are lights placed above the bassinet or incubator of the infant
12 to 30 inches
When does it needed for the term newborn to be scheduled for phototherapy
When total serum bilirubin level rises at 10 to 12 mg/dl at 24 hours of age
When does it needed for the preterm newborn to be scheduled for phototherapy
When total serum bilirubin level is lower than 10 to 12 mg/dl
Is continuous phototherapy recommended
NO
What to cover during phototherapy of the infant
Genitals and Eyes (can cause corneal irritation)
Characteristics of infant stools who does undergo through phototherapy?
Bright green due to excessive bilirubin excreted
Loose
Irritating to skin
TYPES OF JAUNDICE
Physiologic Jaundice
Pathologic Jaundice
Appears 4 to 7 days after birth
Physiologic Jaundice
How long do physiologic jaundice lasts?
10 -14 days
Bilirubin levels of Physiologic Jaundice
10-12mg/dl at 3 to 4 days
It is a clinical Jaundice that appears within the first 24 hours of life
Pathologic Jaundice
How many days do pathologic Jaundice lasts?
Over 10 days for term babies
Total bilirubin level of pathologic jaundice
Over 12mg/dl
Causes of Pathologic Jaundice
Over production or under secretion of bilirubin or Both
Two Factors of Hyperbilirubinemia/Jaundice
Increase of bilirubin production
Immature production of proteins by the liver
Immature production of protein by the liver can cause?
Decrease in Ligandin and Glucuronyl Tranferase
It is a binding protein
Ligandin
It is a Conjugating enzymes
Glucuronyl Transferase
Percentage of newborn who had jaundice
60%
How many percent of the newborns with jaundice are hospitalized for phototherapy
1%
