Hemoglobin 1 Flashcards
Which protoporphyrin is found in heme?
IX
it has 4 methyl, 2 vinyl, and 2 proprioante side chains on the tetrapyrrole ring
Which part of rings open to bind? What do they bind to?
THere are two open positions on each side of the heme plane: 5th and 6th position
1 binds O2; 1 binds to side chain
Heme vs Hemin
heme (aka ferroprotoporphyrin) is +2, Hemin (ferriprotoporphyrin) is +3
What is Hb (ferrohemoglobin) ?
Oxygenated form of heme with +2 charge
ONly Ferrohemoglobin can bind Oxygen
What is the ferric +3 oxgenated form?
methemoglobin (HbM) (aka Ferrihemoglobin)-
CANNOT BIND oxygen
ferribHb
What is the structure of Hemoglobin?
A HETEROTETRAMER (2 diff types of chains, alpha and beta), circulating in RBC
What is the structure of Myoglobin? How many heme groups?
(single polypeptide with ONE heme group) A monomer in muscle cells
O2 gets transproted to muscle cells, faciliatetes O2 transport within muscle cells
What is Hemoglobin A?
Hemoglobin alpha2beta2 is normal
What genes can be on Chromosomes #16
zeta, alpha, alpha
What genes can be on Chromosomes #11
epsilon, Ggamma, Agamma, delta, beta
What are the gene clusters encoding the alpha and beta chains of human Hb on chromosome 16
zeta psi zeta, psi alpha 2, alpha 2, alpha 1, theta 1
GEne clusters encoding the alpha an beta chains of human Hb
Zeta epsilon, Ggamma, A gamma, Psibeta, , delta, beta
How many exons and introns does each chromsomes have on 11 and 16?
3 exons
2 introns
What are chains of Adult HbA1
alpha2 beta2
What are chains of Adult HBA2
alpha2 delta2
What is the name of fetal Hb? What are the chains?
HbF- alpha2 gamma2 (FETUS!)
What are the three embryonic HB
Hb Gower 1
Hb Gower 2
Hb Porland
Chains of Hb Gower 1
zeta2 epsilon2
Chains of Hb Gower 2
alpah2 epsilon2
Chains of Hb Portland
Zeta2 Gamma2
What does a heme group consist of?
an organic part, protoporyphyrin IX and iron atom.
Whawt does the porphyrin contain?
four pyrrole rings linked by 4 CH groups (methene bridges) in an alternating double-bond system.
What does Fe bind to?
four N (1-4 coordination position) int eh center of protoporphrin ring
What is the composition of the various normal hemoglobin molecules
two alpha (or alpha-like) polypeptide chains and two non-alpha polypeptide chains
Each polypeptide is the product of a separate gene, and is called the globin chain