Blood Groups Summary

Question 1

What are the seven serine proteases

Answer 1

Factor 2, 7, 9, 10 , 11, 12 prekallikrein

Zymogens and Acivated

Question 2

What is the transglutaminase

Answer 2

Factor 13
(zymogen and activated form)
crosslinks fibrin clots

Question 3

Cofactors with only one form (5)

Answer 3

Ca2+ 
PL
Tissue Factor
HMWK
vWF (multiple conformation

Question 4

Cofactors with three forms

Answer 4

Vi, V, Va
VIIIi, VIII, VIIIa

NOT serine proteases, but activate serine proteases

Question 5

What part of intrinsic pathway is activated by Extrinisc Tenase

Answer 5

Factor IX –> IXa

Question 6

What is activated by Thrombin

Answer 6

XI--> XIa
VIII:vWF --> VIIIa
V--> Va
XIII--> XIIIa
I--> Ia
Platelet Activation & negatively charged surface

11, 8, 5, 13, 1

Question 7

What is the mechanism when Fibrinogen is acivated to Fibrin?

Answer 7

Thrombin cleaves Anionic Fibrinogen to Fibrin by lowing alpha and beta tail?

Aminopeptide A and B cleaved

Then fibrin spontaneously polymerizes into a soft clot

Question 8

What is the mechanism of Fibrin clot becoming a Hard CLot

Answer 8

Factor 13a is a glutaminase that crosslinks Glutamin + Lysine (taking away water) to form a cross-linked Peptide Bond

Glutamine + Lysine

stabilized by electrostatic and covalent bonding

Question 9

Describe Kallikrein-kinin Pathway. What does Bradykinin do?

Answer 9

HMWK: Prekalikrein–> HMWK: kallikrein –> bradykinin

Inc pain
Inc permeability
Inc vasodilation

Kallikrein –> act Plsaminogen –> plasmin which breaks down Fibrin

Question 10

What does Xa activate?

Answer 10

II–>IIa
(10)

VII–> VIIa
(7)