Hemodynamics

Question 0

Venous, respiration, low rate, lower pressure are all indicative of what type of flow?

Answer 0

Phasic flow

Question 1

Arterial, cardiac contraction, high rate, higher pressure are all indicative of what type of flow?

Answer 1

Pulsatile flow

Question 2

Describes flow or velocity? Volume, how much?, Volume/time, liters/min

Answer 2

Flow

Question 3

A unitless number indicating whether flow is laminar or turbulent.

Answer 3

Reynold’s number

Question 4

Laminar or turbulent? Reynolds number less than 1500

Answer 4

Laminar

Question 5

A Reynold’s number between 1500 and 2000 indicates laminar or turbulent flow?

Answer 5

If it is between 1500 and 2000, it is unknown.

Question 6

A Reynold’s number greater than 2000 is turbulent or laminar?

Answer 6

Turbulent

Question 7

A form of potential or stored energy that has the ability to perform work

Answer 7

Pressure energy

Question 8

Energy associated with a moving object

Answer 8

Kinetic energy

Question 9

Three forms of energy loss

Answer 9

Frictional loss, the viscous loss, inertial loss

Question 10

Energy loss when the velocity of the fluid changes, such as occurs at a stenosis.

Answer 10

Inertial loss

Question 11

At the most narrowed location: velocity is highest, kinetic energy is highest, pressure energy is lowest, law of conservation of energy

Answer 11

Bernoulli’s principal

Question 12

Equals the weight of blood pressing on the vessel from heart level to the point of measurement.

Answer 12

Hydrostatic pressure

Question 13

Pressure measured is greater than circulatory pressure because hydrostatic pressure is positive.

Answer 13

Below the heart

Question 14

Pressure measured is less than circulatory pressure because hydrostatic pressure is negative.

Answer 14

Above the heart

Question 15

What position is a patient in if hydrostatic pressure is zero at all locations?

Answer 15

Supine patient

Question 16

What is the hydrostatic pressure at the fingertips with the hand elevated above the head?

Answer 16

-50 mmHg

Question 17

What is the hydrostatic pressure at the head?

Answer 17

-30 mmHg

Question 18

What is the hydrostatic pressure at a level even with the heart?

Answer 18

0 mmHg at the heart level

Question 19

What is the hydrostatic pressure at the knee level?

Answer 19

75 mmHg of hydrostatic pressure at the knee

Question 20

What is the hydrostatic pressure at the ankle level?

Answer 20

100 mmHg of hydrostatic pressure at the ankle level

Question 21

What would the patient’s blood-pressure be at the ear level if their true circulatory pressure was 120 mmHg?

Answer 21

Since hydrostatic pressure is -30 mmHg at the ear level, the measurement would be 90 mmHg.

Question 22

What would the patient’s blood-pressure be at the ankle level if their true circulatory pressure was 120 mmHg?

Answer 22

Since the hydrostatic pressure at the level of the ankle is 100 mmHg, then the measurement of blood pressure at the ankle would be 220 mmHg.

Question 23

Vessel collapse, when opposing vessel walls touch each other.

Answer 23

Coaptation

Question 24

Diaphragm moves down,

venous flow from legs decreases, venous return to heart increases

Answer 24

Inhalation – breathe in

Question 25

Diaphragm moves up,

venous flow from legs increases, venous return to heart decreases

Answer 25

Exhalation – Breathe out