Hemodynamic Monitoring Flashcards
Normal PA pressures are (mmHg)
8-15
CVP reflects
Right atrial pressure
Pulmonary artery pressure reflects
Right and left side heart pressures
PA wedge pressure reflects
Preload of the left atrium
Normal range for cardiac output is
4-8 L/min
Normal range for PAWP is
8-12 mmHg
Normal range for CVP is
2-6 mmHg
Cardiac output is determined by
Heart Rate * Stroke Volume
SVR measures
Afterload of the left side of the heart
Pulmonary vascular resistance measures
Afterload of the right side of the heart
The dichrotic notch indicates
Closure of a valve (aortic or pulmonic)
A decrease in CVP may indicate
Vasodilation
Hypovolemia
Decreased venous return
An increase in CVP may indicate
Right side heart failure
A decrease in SVR may indicate
Distributive Shock (neurogenic, anaphylactic, septic)
An increase in SVR may indicate
Cardiogenic or Hypovolemic Shock
The “a” wave in a CVP waveform indicates __ and corresponds to what part of the ECG?
Rise in atrial pressure as a result of atrial contraction, corresponds with the PR interval
The “c” wave in a CVP waveform indicates __ and corresponds to what part of the ECG?
Rise in atrial pressure when AV valve closes, corresponds with mid/late QRS
The “v” wave in a CVP waveform indicates __ and corresponds to what part of the ECG?
Rise in atrial pressure as a result of ventricular contraction, corresponds with mid T wave
The “x descent” in a CVP waveform indicates __ and is seen where?
Atrial relaxation, the downslope of the “a” wave
The “y descent” in a CVP waveform indicates __ and is seen where?
Atrial emptying, the downslope of the “v” wave
