Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Shelf - FM > Heme/Onc, MSK (54) > Flashcards

Heme/Onc, MSK (54) Flashcards

1
Q

2yo with Sickle cell = ___vaccine

65yo w/ splenectomy w/o vaccination hx

A

pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV-23)

Hib - if uncertain or never received
Meningococcal polysaccharide - >55 Meningococcal conjugate (MCV4) - 55 and younger
Pneumococcal - PCV13 if immunization status unknown, otherwise polysaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name three encapsulated organisms

A

strep pneumo
N. meningitidis
H. influenza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

reactive arthritis pathogen

A

chlamydia trachomatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pt started an anticoagulant and develops an area of edematous, erythematous flush with developing petechiae that progress to hemorrhagic bullae and quickly to a necrotic eschar.

A

warfarin skin necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Beta-blockers:

use

A through M - MOA

N through Z - MOA

A

use - control HR in sinus tachy and afib

A through M = beta-1 selective

N through Z = nonselective antagonists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

first line tx for OA

A

acetaminophen

then NSAIDs, then injection, then surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

define vWD

A

MC inherited bleeding disorder

impaired platelet function and hemostasis

defect in F8-related ag. both clot formation and coagulation cascade impaired

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

define F5Leiden

A

MC inherited thrombophilia in Caucasians.

presents as venous thormboembolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Best way to reduce dental caries

A

fuoridation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

MC cancer of oral cavity and associated risk factor

A

SCCa

risk factor: smoking hx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

test name and what it tests: performed by flexing knee and placing hand over joint line (inferior to patella) medially. Hold heel w/ other hand and rotate tibia externally while placing valgus stress on it.

Positive if pop, click, pain

A

McMurray test

Medial meniscus tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

adolescent athlete with dill, aching knee pain and point tenderness at the tibial tuberosity.

A

Osgood-Schlatter disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

a) well appearing preschool aged child with signs of mucocutaneous bleeding and isolated thrombocytopenia (platelet reduction). usually resolves in 3-6mo.

OR

b) chronic in women 20-40yo

A

Immune thrombocytopenia (idiopathic thormbocytopenic purpura)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Kid

A

HUS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

FAT RN: Fever, Anemia (HA), Thrombocytopenia, Renal failure, Neuro change.

Schistocytes, abnormal RFTs, thrombocytopenia

A

TTP - thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

cobalamin deficiency causes…

A

macrocytic anemia and neuro (vit B12)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

crescent sign - sunchondral crescent shaped radiolucent area representing area of necrotic bone. wt bearing groin pain.

risk factors: chronic CS use and smoking

A

avascular necrosis (osteonecrosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

neoplastic clonal proliferation of plasma cells on marrow. produces IgG or IgA. Median age is 65y. Anemia, leukoplakia, thrombocytopenia. Monoclonal spike on protein electrophoresis.

CRAB

A

MM

hyperCalcemia
Renal failure (bence jones proteins - IgG light chains in urine)
Anemia
Bone lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

other than MM, what also has bence jones proteins, but malignant proliferation of IgM. no lytic bone lesions. hyperviscosity of blood

A

waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

conservative initial management of carpal tunnel syndrome

A

neutral wrist splinting

21
Q

what is a reticulocyte and what pathology is it increased

A

an immature cell line of erythrocyte lineage.

sickle cell.

22
Q

pt with RA wol dmost likely have what type of anemia if they had one?

A

microcytic dt anemia of chronic disease

23
Q 
Anemia of chronic disease has what expected lab findings:
MCV
Fe
Ferritin
TIBC
A

MCV - normo that COT to micro
Fe - low
Ferritin - high
TIBC - low/NORMAL

24
Q 
Define:
MCV - micro
Fe - low
Ferritin - low
TIBC - high
A

iron deficiency anemia

low iron in the cells (low ferritin) and the cell wants more (high TIBC)

25
Q

anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, basophilia, ch(9;22)t, B-sx and bleeding/petechiae/eccymosis/bone pain

A

CML

26
Q

why do diabetics get anemia?

A

bc kidneys responsible for 90% of EPO production. renal fxn decreases, reduced EPO = decr erythrocyte precursors.

27
Q

epitaxis, telangiectasia, visceral lesions, first degree releative w/ sam sx/dx

A

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome)

28
Q

Sickle cell anemia pt with acute drop in Hb and

-retic count

A

-retic count

29
Q

heinz bodies (oxidized Hb manifesting as small round unclusions w/in RBCs) or bite cells (semicircular chunks)

A

G6PD deficiency (think x-linked, antimalarials or sulfa or fava or bitter melon or DKA)

30
Q

When is radiograph of foot or ankle injury appropriate?

A

Ottowa foot and ankle rules:

cannot walk 4 steps, tenderness of base of 5th metatarsal (Jones fracture), tenderness over navicular boen, tenderness over medial or lateral malleolus, tenderness along distal 6cm of tibia or fibula

31
Q

Most likely dx: pain between toes in interdigital space, numbness, paresthesias radiating to toes proximal to pain. Tight shoe wear, relief after shoe removal. possible painful click

A

morton’s neuroma

32
Q

CMP PIP DIP localized pain. Rheumatologic dz in FHx. PMH of RF. worse w/ repetitive use.

XR: joint space loss, sunchondral bony sclerosis and cyst formation

PE: pain when rotating thumb and applying downward force toward wrist

A

Osteoarthritis

33
Q

PIP MCP affected. joint space erode w/ destruction of joints.

A

RA

34
Q

first step in evaluation of IDA

A

upper endoscopy and colonoscopy

35
Q

tx of hereditary spherocytosis
tx of G6PD deficiency
tx of Sickle cell disease repeat sequestration crisis

A 
HS = splenectomy
G6PD = avoid precipitants w/ oxidative potential
SCD = splenectomy
36
Q

Falling on flexed wrist - - describe fx and name

A

Smith

fracture of distal radius with ventral (palmar) displacement of distal protion

37
Q

FOOSH - describe fx and name

A

colles fracture

fracture of distal radius with associated dorsal displacement

38
Q

anti-jo1-ab

anti-mi2-ab

A

anti-jo1-ab = polymyositis

anti-mi2-ab = dermatomyositis

39
Q

COL5A1 and COL5A2

A

ehlers danlos syndrome

  1. skin hyperextensibility
  2. joint laxity
  3. widened, atrophic scars
40
Q

FBN1

A

marfan

41
Q

b/l proximal mm aches (hips and shoulders), morning stiffness ofor >1hr, basence of joint or other mm involvement. Giant cell arteritis associated with it.

A

Polymyalgia rheumatica

42
Q

tx of Polymyalgia rheumatica

A

CS

43
Q

HbA2 level elevation. target or tear drop cell on PBS, microcytic anemia

A

beta thalassemia

44
Q

basophilic stippling

A

lead poisoning

45
Q

ortolani and barlow test

infant dysplasia of hip - next step?

A

refer to ortho

46
Q

MCC of osteomyelitis

XR description

A

contiguous spread of infection from closely related soft tissues

Staph aureus MCC

XR: lytic bone lesion

47
Q

anemia with elevated reticulocyte count, positive direct antiglobulin (Coomb’s) test, spherocytes on PBS

A

autoimmune HA (AIHA) - autoab attach to erythrocytes leading to premature destruction

48
Q

hallmark abnormal lab in Paget dz of bone

A

alk phos increased

49
Q

UMN (myelopathy) and LMN (radiculopathy) in UE and LE siggest widespread changes of spine

A
  • cervical spondylosis.

dx w/ MRI

Shelf - FM (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions