Hematopoiesis

Question 1

the formation of blood cellular components

Answer 1

Hematopoiesis or Hemopoiesis

Question 2

occurs during embryonic development and throughout adulthood to produce and replenish the blood system.

Answer 2

Hematopoiesis or Hemopoiesis

Question 3

Your body typically replaces the donated plasma within __ hours, but it takes about _ to _ weeks to replace the blood cells.

Answer 3

24, 4 to 6

Question 4

Most hemopoiesis occurs in the ____ ______, a connective tissue within the spaces of spongy (cancellous) bone tissue.

Answer 4

red marrow

Question 5

In children, hemopoiesis can occur in the ___ ____of long bones

Answer 5

medullary cavity

Question 6

In adults, the process is largely restricted to the _____ and _____ bones

Answer 6

cranial and pelvic

Question 7

a glycoprotein hormone secreted by cells of the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels

Answer 7

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Question 8

It prompts the production of erythrocytes.

Answer 8

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Question 9

used medically in the treatment of certain anemia, cancer and other disorders.

Answer 9

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Question 10

another glycoprotein hormone, is produced by the liver and kidneys.

Answer 10

Thrombopoietin

Question 11

It triggers the development of megakaryocytes into platelets.

Answer 11

Thrombopoietin

Question 12

glycoproteins secreted by a wide variety of cells, including red bone marrow and leukocytes.

Answer 12

Cytokines

Question 13

They act locally as autocrine or paracrine factors, stimulating the proliferation of progenitor cells.

Answer 13

Cytokines

Question 14

There are two major subtypes of cytokines known as

Answer 14

colony-stimulating factors and interleukins.

Question 15

are glycoproteins that act locally, as autocrine or paracrine factors

Answer 15

Colony-stimulating Factors (CSFs)

Question 16

Some trigger the differentiation of myeloblasts into granular leukocytes, namely,

Answer 16

neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

Question 17

A different CSF induces the production of monocytes, called

Answer 17

monocyte CSFs.

Question 18

another class of cytokine signaling molecules important in hematopoiesis

Answer 18

Interleukins

Question 19

They were initially thought to be secreted uniquely by leukocytes

Answer 19

Interleukins

Question 20

the process by which the body seals a damaged blood vessel and prevents further loss of blood.

Answer 20

Hemostasis

Question 21

A blood vessel is severed. Blood and blood components are leaking out of the breaks

Answer 21

Injury

Question 22

The smooth muscle in the vessel wall contracts near the injury point, reducing blood loss

Answer 22

Vascular Spasm

Question 23

Platelets are activated by chemicals released from the injury site and by contact with underlying collagen

Answer 23

Platelet Plug Formation

Question 24

Fibrinogen is converted to fibrin, which forms a mesh that traps more platelets and RBC, producing a clot

Answer 24

Coagulation

Question 25

Blood clotting involves three steps:

Answer 25

1.Vascular spasm constricts the flow of blood.
2.A platelet plug forms to temporarily seal small openings in the vessel.
3.Coagulation then enables the repair of the vessel wall once the leakage of blood has stopped.