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Hematology > Hematology Week 2: Neoplastic Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Week 2: Neoplastic Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

Heme Neoplasms polyclonal vs clonal

A

heme neoplasms are clonal - all derived from the same transformed cell

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2
Q

heme neoplasms cell stage

A
  • immature heme neoplasm
  • mature heme neoplasm
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3
Q

how do heme neoplasms look?

A
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4
Q

main categories of heme neoplasms

A
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5
Q

Leukemia definition

A

A heme neoplasm with mainly WBC proliferation that predominantly involves the blood and the bone marrow

Normally these cells travel to bone marrow to blood to the lymph node, however, heme neoplasms can also move but where most of the cells are found is what they are called

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6
Q

Lymphoma Definition

A

Heme Neoplasm of lymphoid cells that predominantly involves the lymph node and tissue

Normally these cells travel to bone marrow to blood to the lymph node, however, heme neoplasms can also move but where most of the cells are found is what they are called

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7
Q

Heme Neoplasm Maturation Sequence

A

myeloid lineage

and

lymphoid lineage

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8
Q

Heme neoplasm lineage and location nomenclature

A
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9
Q

Question 1

A
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10
Q

Acute vs Chronic Leukemia

A
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11
Q

Acute Leukemias maturity and cell type

A

Immature cells (blasts) predominate

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12
Q

Acute Leukemias immaturity is caused by?

A

Maturation failure, acquired genetic alterations that inhibit their maturation

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13
Q

Acute Leukemias Threat and treatment

A
  • Aggressive
  • require potent curative intent therapy including HSCT
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14
Q

Chronic Leukemias maturity

A

Mature cells predominate

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15
Q

Chronic Leukemias Maturation

A
  • Maturation is intact
  • although they are neoplastic the clonal cells can still differentiate
  • Acquired genetic alterations but maturation ability is intact
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16
Q

Chronic Leukemias Threat and Treatment

A
  • More indolent
  • therapy is not usually curative in intent
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17
Q

Big 4 Leukemias

A
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18
Q

Immature Myeloid =

A

Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

19
Q

Mature Myeloid =

A

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

20
Q

Mature Lymphoid =

A

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

21
Q

Immature Lymphoid =

A

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

22
Q

Blast Cell Characteristics

4 listed

A
  • Large cell size
  • Powdery chromatin
  • high Nucleus:Cytoplasmic ratio
  • Prominent nucleoli
23
Q

Identify Blasts

A
24
Q

Immature stage is characterized by/

A
25
Q

Question 2

A

CML

26
Q

Question 3

A

ALL

27
Q

Question 4

A

Blasts are proliferating and making up all these cells

28
Q

Clinical Features and Lab Features of Leukemia

A
29
Q

Lymphoma Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas Classification

A
30
Q

Hodgkin Lymphoma vs Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

A
31
Q

Hodgkin Lymphoma Lymph node involvement

A

more often localized to a single central group of lymph nodes

32
Q

Hodgkin Lymphoma Cells

A
  • Reed-Sternberg Cells
  • Neoplastic cells are rare (surrounded by benign inflammatory cells
33
Q

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Lymph node involvement

A

Widespread involvement of multiple peripheral lymph nodes

34
Q

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Cells

A
  • No Reed-Sternberg cells
  • Neoplastic cells predominate
35
Q

Reed-Sternberg Cell

A
36
Q

B and T cell Maturation & Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma nomenclature

A
37
Q

Key Clinical Features of Lymphoma

6 Listed

A
38
Q

Myelodysplastic Syndrome

A

is a group of clonal hematopoietic Stem cell neoplasms characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis

39
Q

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

A

are a group of clonal hematopoietic stem cell neoplasms characterized by effective hematopoiesis

40
Q

MDS vs MPN

A
41
Q

Myeloproliferative neoplasms usually caused by?

A

Tyrosine Kinase Mutations

42
Q

Benign vs Malignant

A
43
Q

Indolent to Aggressive because Benign and Malignant doesn’t really work for hematologic Neoplasms

A
44
Q

Survival Curves

A

Hematology (26 decks)

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