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Physiology > Hematology System > Flashcards

Hematology System Flashcards

0
Q

Plasma minus clotting factors

A

Serum

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1
Q

General Function of Blood

A

Vehicle of transport
Regulation of pH and ion composition
Defense
Stabilization

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2
Q

Composition of Plasma

A 
Water: 90%
Proteins: 8%
Inorganic salts: 1%
Lipids: 0.5%
Sugar: 0.1%
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3
Q

Essential component of clotting system

A

Blood coagulation proteins

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4
Q

Major contribution to osmotic pressure of plasma

A

Albumin

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5
Q

Proteases, antiproteases, transport protiens

A

Alpha globulin

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6
Q

Transferrin and other transport proteins

A

Beta globulins

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7
Q

Immunoglobulins

A

Gamma globulins

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8
Q

Lifespan of platelets

A

7-10 days

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9
Q

Processing of forming blood cells in the bone marrow

A

Haemopoesis

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10
Q

Site of blood cell formation less than 2months AOG

A

Yolk sac (AORTIC GONAD MESONEPHROS)

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11
Q

Site of blood cell formation from 3rd month AOG to birth?

A

LIVER and spleen

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12
Q

Only source of blood POSTnatally; begins at 4th month AOG

A

Bone marrow

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13
Q

All bone marrow are active

A

Birth to Puberty

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14
Q

Only bone marrow of vertebrae, ribs, sternum, skull, pelvis, proximal epiphyseal region of humerus active

A

Age 20

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15
Q

Post-embryonic extramedullary hematopoiesis in full-term infant

A

Always abnormal

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16
Q

Carbon dioxide attached to Hgb

A

Carbamino hemoglobin

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17
Q

Carbon monoxide attached to Hgb

A

Carboxyhemoglobin

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18
Q

Oxygen attached to Hgb

A

Oxyhemoglobin

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19
Q

Size of. RBC

A

Length: 8um
Width: 2um

20
Q

Hemoglobin values
Male:
Female:

A

Male: 14-18g/dL
Female: 12-18g/dL

21
Q

Normal Hematocrit Values:

A

Male: 46 (40-54)
Female: 42 ( 37-47)

22
Q

How many O2 molecules can 1 hemoglobin molecule bind

A

4 oxygen molecules

23
Q

Hemoglobin A

A

2 alpha and 2 beta

24
Q

Hemoglobin F

A

2 alpha and 2 gamma

25
Q

Total iron in the body

A

4-5 grams

26
Q

Iron found in plasma

A

Transferrin

27
Q

Iron found in LIVER

A

Ferritin

28
Q

Storage form of iron found outside the liver

A

Hemosiderin

29
Q

Enzyme responsible in synthesis of Hemoglobin

A

Amino Levolinic Acid Synthase (ALA synthase)

30
Q

Hormone stimulating RBC production

A

Erythropoietin

31
Q

Main stimulus for EPO peoduction

A

Hypoxia

32
Q

Effect of EPO will after this many days

A

5 days

33
Q

Last RBC stage with a nucleus

A

Orthochromatic erythroblast

34
Q

RBC stage released to the blood

A

Reticulocyte

35
Q

Time to convert reticulocytes to mature RBCs

A

1-2 days

36
Q

Characteristics of mature RBC’s

A

No nucleus
No mitochondria
No ER

37
Q

Lifespan of adult RBC’s

A

120 days

38
Q

Lifespan of fetal RBC’s

A

90 days

39
Q

Intravascular destruction of old or damaged RBCs occurs here

A

Spleen

40
Q

Extravascular destruction of RBCs is due to

A

Macrophages

41
Q

Fate of Heme in destroyed RBC

A

Bilirubin

42
Q

Nutrient essential for DNA synthesis

A

Vitamin B12

Folic acid

43
Q

Megaloblastic anemia + Neural deficits

A

Vitamin B12 deficiency

44
Q

Megaloblastic anemia + Neural tube disorders

A

Folic acid deficiency

45
Q

Needed to absorb Vitamin B12

A

Intrinsic Factor in Terminal Ileum

46
Q

Source of Vitamin B12

A

Meats

47
Q

Source of Folic acid

A

Leafy vegetables

Physiology (6 decks)

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