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NY-Pediatric Nurse Practitioner > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the normal range for an MCV level?

A

80-100 fl

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2
Q

microcytic MCV is?

A

80fl

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3
Q

macrocytic MCV is?

A

100fl

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4
Q

normochromic levels of hemoglobin are?

A

32-36

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5
Q

MCV measures what?

A

the average volume and size of individual erythrocytes

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6
Q

RCDW od RDW measures what?

A

red cell distribution width

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7
Q

what does reticulocyte count tell you?

A

number of new RBC in circulation

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8
Q

what is a normal reticulocyte count?

A

1-2%

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9
Q

what happens to the reticulocyte count with iron deficiency anemia?

A

DOWN

possibly 0%

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10
Q

A child presents as microcytic and hypochromic you know this could be what kinds of anemia?

A

Iron deficiency, thalassemia or lead poisoning

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11
Q

normocytic/ normochromic may be related to what kind of anemia?

A

acute blood loss, early IDA, anemia of chronic disease

AND SICKLE CELL

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12
Q

macrocytic, normochromic anemia maybe related to what?

A

vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, pernicious anemia

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13
Q

what can cause iron deficiency anemia?

A

solely breastfed, drinking cows milk by 9 mo, heavy menarche

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14
Q

Is iron-binding capacity increased or decreased with iron def anemia?

A

Increased

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15
Q

hemoglobin is 7, HCT is , MCV is 75, RBC is 3, RDW is increased, low retic count, serum ferritin <30ug, increased TIBC What is your diagnosis?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

d/t Inc RDW, Inc TIBC, low ferritin, low retic count

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16
Q

orange juice increases or decreases absorption of iron?

A

increases absorption

17
Q

pt presents with decreased hgb, decreased MCV, hypochromic RBC, Increased retic count, increased ferritin. What is your diagnosis?

A

Thalassemia

Increased retric AND inc ferritin

18
Q

what is the management for sicklecell anemia?

A

hydroxyurea (this stimulates fetal hgb which doesnt sickle), immunize with pneumovax.

also prophylactic penicillin form ages 3mo-5y (to be managed by hematologist)

19
Q

Most commone hemophilia is a loss of factor?

A

Factor 8

20
Q

does hemophillia A occur in M or F, who carries it M or F?

A

M are affected

F are carriers

21
Q 
Lead poisioning is definied at more than \_\_\_ per d/?
A.4
B. 10.
C.2
D.5
A

D
5

however do not refer until 10 or higher
(also capillary samples can be higher than venous so good in real practice to recheck venous)

22
Q

what is the burtonian line?

A

blue discoloration of gingival border, that would indicate lead poisoning

23
Q

what level of of lead poisoning required chelation therapy?

A

Greater than 45

24
Q

what labs would allow you to differentiate between thalassemia and IDA?

A

TIBC (high in IDA)
ferritin (high in thalessemia)
Retic (high in thalassemia)

25
Q

Labs show the patient has Howell-Jolly bodies, what condition does this patient have?

A

Sickle cell anemia

26
Q

what lead level requires referral to a hematologist?

A

level 10 or higher

27
Q

Do sickle cell patients have a high, low or normal MCH?

A

Normal- or normochromic

28
Q

normal labs for thalessemia?

A

low hgb, low mcv, high ferritin, high total bili, high retic

29
Q

Pikilocytes and target cells are seen in what disorder?

A

thalessemia

30
Q

what is the most frequent period of iron deficiency in pediatrics?

A

times of rapid growth, often in childhood and adolescense

31
Q

is iron better absorbed with food or on an empty stomach.

A

EMPTY this helps absorb twice as fast

give with food only with GI upset, Orange juice helps in aid of iron absorption

32
Q 
2 y/o with hypochromic, microcytic anemia differntial is?
A. pernicious anemia
B. lead poisoning
C. hemophilia
D. folic acid deficiency
A

B

lead poisoning cause hypochromic, microcytic anemia

NY-Pediatric Nurse Practitioner (12 decks)

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