Hematology Flashcards
Can Alcohol cause B12 deficiency?
No, only folate
What causes B12 Def?
PPI, metformin, strict vegetarian diet, and Small bowel bacterial overgrowth
What are the symptoms of SEVERE B12 deficiency? What is this called?
Subacute combined degeneration (of the dorsal columns of the spinal cord) and hemolysis, with increased lactate dehydrogenase and total and unconjugated bilirubin levels, as well as nonspecific abdominal pain and weight loss.
The primary risk factors for prostate cancer are?
cancer in a first-degree relative diagnosed before age 65 and Black race.
What two drugs lower PSA levels?
Two drugs used to treat prostate enlargement—finasteride (Proscar®) and dutasteride (Avodart®)—lower PSA levels by a median of about 50%; thus, half of men taking these drugs have PSA levels that fall by <50%
How is a new baseline PSA established on finasteride or dutasteride?
A new baseline for PSA can be established after 6 months on finasteride or dutasteride; any rise from that point forward is associated with a higher risk of prostate cancer or of high-grade prostate cancer, compared with risk for men whose PSA levels have not risen.
A PSA levels can be corrected by doubling the current value on medication
What bleeding disorder is more common in older adults?
Acquired hemophilia A results from autoantibodies that act as inhibitors to endogenous factor VIII. It is rare, with cases more commonly found in older adults. The classic presentation is deep ecchymoses and hemarthroses that are characteristic of hemophilia.
what do you see with PTT in a mixing study in hemophilia A?
A key feature is prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT) that does not completely correct with a mixing study. In this case, the PTT only partially corrected with the mixing study, which is indicative of an inhibitor, not a deficiency (SOE=A).
