Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

INTERNAL MED FINAL > HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM > Flashcards

HEMATOLOGIC SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Which 3 systems are lymph nodes a part of?

A
  • lymphatic
  • hematopoietic (blood-forming)
  • lymphoid (organs & tissues of immune system)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the term for localized region of necrosis caused by reduction of arterial perfusion below a level required for cell viability?

A

infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the term for mass of solid, liquid, or gas that moves within blood vessel to lodge @ a site distant from its place of origin?

A

embolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What occurs when circulatory system is unable to maintain adequate pressure in order to perfuse organs?

A

shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some common signs of shock?

A
  • tachycardia
  • tachypnea
  • cool extremities
  • decreased pulses
  • decreased urine output
  • altered mental status
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T/F: lymph nodes are rubbery, attached to surrounding tissues, & small (less than 1 cm)

A

F (mobile - unattached)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Although blood composition changes little w/ age, % of ____________ _____________ occupied by hematopoietic tissue declines.

A

marrow space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What classification of disorders are von willebrand disease, hemophilia, & thrombocytopenia?

A

disorders of hemostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the pathologic state or symptom of many other diseases resulting in reduction of oxygen-carrying capacity of blood from abnormality in quantity or quality of RBCs?

A

anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 3 categories of causes of anemia?

A
  • excessive blood loss (hemorrhage)
  • destruction of erythrocytes (hemolytic)
  • decreased production of erythrocytes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is normocytic anemia?

A

normal size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is normochromic anemia?

A

normal hemoglobin amt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is anisocytosis anemia?

A

various sizes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is poikilocytosis anemia?

A

various shapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What occurs as a result of congenital or acquired disorders caused by congenital RBC membrane abnormalities, lack of necessary enzymes needed for normal metabolism, autoimmune processes, or infection?

A

hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Erythropoeitin is a hormone produced in _____________ that stimulates production & maturation of RBCs.

A

kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which nutrients play a role in decreased production of erythrocytes?

A
  • iron
  • B12
  • folate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is another term for anemia of chronic disease?

A

anemia of inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Signs & symptoms of anemia are related to _____________ of anemia & amount of time over which erythrocytes were lost.

A

severity

20
Q

What is the term for spoon nails?

A

koilonychia

21
Q

T/F: anemia neuropathy can be unilateral or bilateral symmetrically

A

F (asymmetrically)

22
Q

Anemia in the presence of ___________ ____________ precipitates cardiac ischemia & is risk factor for heart attack.

A

coronary obstruction

23
Q

What does complete blood count measure?

A
  • % of blood volume composed of erythrocytes
  • conc of Hb
  • erythrocyte count
  • RBC indices (size, shape, distribution)
24
Q

What is the term for amount of new RBCs?

A

reticulocyte count

25
Q

What is the term for arrest of bleeding after blood vessel injury & involves interaction among blood vessel wall, platelets, & plasma coagulation proteins?

A

hemostasis

26
Q

Which hemostasis involved formation of platelet plug @ site of vascular injury?

A

primary

27
Q

Primary hemostasis requires normal # & function of platelets & ____________ ____________ factor.

A

von willebrand

28
Q

What is the plasma protein that mediates initial adhesion of platelets @ sites of bleeding injuries?

A

von willebrand factor

29
Q

VWF binds & stabilizes blood clotting factor _____ in circulation.

A

VIII

30
Q

What is the term for decrease in # of platelets?

A

thrombocytopenia

31
Q

Bleeding caused by platelet disorders or VWD is characterized by easy bruising or __________ bleeding.

A

mucosal

32
Q

T/F: thrombocytopenia is below 200,000/uL of blood

A

F (150,000)

33
Q

Where are platelets produced?

A

bone marrow

34
Q

What are common causes of thrombocytopenia?

A

medications & supplements

35
Q

What is the main symptom of thrombocytopenia?

A

mucosal bleeding

36
Q

Secondary hemostasis is triggered when vascular damage exposes ___________ factor.

A

tissue

37
Q

Normal secondary hemostasis necessitates the presence of ___________ factors or else results in hemophilia A or B.

A

clotting

38
Q

T/F: abnormalities in secondary hemostasis have more serious bleeding such as deep muscle hematomas & spontaneous hemarthrosis.

A

T

39
Q

What is the term for bleeding disorder inherited as X-linked autosomal recessive trait?

A

hemophilia

40
Q

Which hemophilia is lack of clotting factor VIII & is the majority?

A

A

41
Q

Which clotting factor is lacking in hemophilia B?

A

IX

42
Q

What is the normal concentration of coagulation factors? mild? moderate? severe?

A
  • normal: 50-150%
  • mild: 6-30%
  • moderate: 1-5%
  • severe: > 1%
43
Q

Which hemophilia is where spontaneous hemorrhages are rare & joint & deep muscle bleeding are uncommon?

A

mild

44
Q

Which hemophilia is where major bleeding episodes can occur after minor trauma?

A

moderate

45
Q

Which hemophilia may bleed spontaneously or w/ only slight trauma esp in joints & deep muscle?

A

severe

46
Q

Out of mild, moderate, & severe, which hemophilia is most common?

A

severe

INTERNAL MED FINAL (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions