Hematologic Malignancies Flashcards
leukemia vs lymphoma
leukemia: bone marrow + blood
lymphoma: masses within lymph nodes
acute leukemias
immature myeloid (RBC, platelets, granulocytes) or lymphoid (B/T/NK) progenitors (blasts) accumulate in the bone marrow
blasts displace normal bone marrow precursors, enter blood in high numbers, but are non-functional
myeloproliferative disorders and myelodysplastic syndromes are disorders of:
a. immature myeloid lineage cells
b. immature lymphoid lineage cells
c. mature myeloid lineage cells
d. mature lymphoid lineage cells
mature myeloid lineage cells
myeloproliferative neoplasms
increased production of 1 or more types of mature myeloid cells, originate from bone marrow cells
hyper-proliferation with maturation
myelodysplastic syndromes
maturation of myeloid progenitor cells is abnormal (dysplastic) —> cytopenia (fewer mature cells made)
cells made have altered appearance and abnormal function
which of these categories of hematologic malignancies is NOT a disease of MATURE cells?
a. plasma cell disorders
b. lymphomas and lymphoid leukemia
c. acute leukemia
d. myeloproliferative neoplasms
e. myelodysplastic syndromes
disease of MATURE LYMPHOID cells: plasma cell disorders, lymphomas and lymphoid leukemia
disease of MATURE MYELOID cells: myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms
acute leukemia: disease of immature myeloid or lymphoid progenitors
lymphoma
neoplasms derived from mature lymphocytes or their precursors
Hodgkin’s: B cell neoplasm
non-Hodgkin’s: majority, B cell
present with lymphadenopathy
chronic lymphocytic leukemia / small lymphocytic lymphoma
one disease (B cell neoplasm) that can present in 2 ways - primarily in blood, sometimes as lymphoma (lymph nodes)
plasma cell neoplasms
neoplasms originating from terminally differentiated B cell (plasma cell)
characterized by production of complete or partial immunoglobins —> 1 monoclonal antibody being overproduced
multiple myeloma
on which kinds of cells are the following surface markers found?
a. CD34
b. CD13, CD33
c. TdT
d. CD10, CD19
e. CD20
f. CD7
g. CD5
h. CD15, CD30
a. CD34: hematopoietic stem cells
b. CD13, CD33: early/late myeloid forms
c. TdT: immature lymphoid progenitors
d. CD10, CD19: early B cell progenitors
e. CD20: mature B cells
f. CD7: T cell
g. CD5: T cell, certain B cell tumor
h. CD15, CD30: Reed-Sternberg cells
you identify a cell with CD34 on its membrane
what kind of cell is it?
hematopoietic stem cell
you identify a cell with TdT on its surface
what kind of cell is it?
immature lymphoid progenitor
