HEMATOLOGIC/IMMUNOLOGIC DYSFUNCTION part 2 Flashcards
What may a whiteish glow in pupil indicate
retinoblastoma
s/s of retinoblasstomas
whiteish glow in pupil called leukocoria or cat eye reflex
strabismus like covering one eye to focus or bumping into things
teaching after removal of retinoblastoma
protect remaining eye
s/s of increase ICP in 6yr old
HA N/V vision changes seizures temp increase extreme swings in BP changes in RR and HR
What is a unique syymptom of increased ICP in infants
bulging/tense fontinels
if someone had a head injury/surgery and after treatment they have a runny nose what should you do
check to see if its CSF with a glucose test
s/s meningitis in infants
fever vomit bulging fontinels high pitch cry feeding difficulties nucal rigidity
How to diag meningitis
lumbar or spinal tap for culture
What treatment is important for neuro pat esp with increased ICP and why
low maintenance fluids
bec it can prevent further increases in ICP or cerebral edema
Should you ever move a seizure pat
no
Should you record the length of the seizure
yes
What is the biggest risk fact for cerebral palsy
premature birth
s/s of spastic cerebral palsy
increased mus tone and DTR’s and clonus
contractures
diff with fine and gross motor skills
Most common early sign of cerebral palsy
poor head control at 3mo
What is werdnig hoffman dis
weakness and loss of skeletal mus due to loss of motor neurons
prog of werdnig hoff
death by age two
What scenario might point to werdnig hoffmans dis
meeting motor milestone normally until sudden decrease in abilities like riding a bike
what cast is given for dev dysplasia of hip
hip spicka cast
s/s of dev hip dysplasia
asym of gluteal folds
hip clicks or clunks on exam
limited abduction of hip
RF’s for dev hip dysplasia
females
left side
other reduction device besides spicka cast for dev hip dysplasia
pavlik harness
home teaching for skin integrity
pedal the casts edges so urine doesnt get on skin
make sure openings are water proof
clean exposed skin with water and soak
make sure cast isnt tight enough to cause blanching
longterm complications of untreated dev hip dysplasia if untreated by 2
bone deformities
shorter limb on affected side
long periods of casting and reduction
teaching for untreated hip dysplasia
toileting needs
healthy diet to prevent constipation
place in comfortable position like prone
monitor for pressure ulcers
small freq meals to help reduce stomach pressure against the cast
What is osteogenesis imprefecta
mutation in genes that make collagen so they cant form strong bones
care for OI pats
saftey to prevent factures
so for IV placement make sure to be gentle
how to screen for scoliosis
nurse in chair, child facing away. have child extent arms out and connect hands then have them slowly bend forward at the waist. monitor for signs of assymetry
treatment of scoliosis
bracing is usu first line like a milwaukee
surg with rods
pain managment
What type of injury is a usu cause of DI
head injury
What is the med form of ADH
vasopressin
Treatment for DI
vasopressin
Differences of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
type two onset is later in life and is higher precentage of dia pats
type 1 tend to be underweight and 2 are overweight
type 1 has large amount of antibodies (bec its autoimmune)
type 2 doesnt always need insulin
Main signs of type 1 dia
poly
phagia
dipsia
uria
Exercise teaching for dia
eat before strenuous activities
What type of insulin regimen is typical for dia
twice daily with a rapid and an intermediate acting insulin
