HEMATOLOGIC/IMMUNOLOGIC DYSFUNCTION part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What may a whiteish glow in pupil indicate

A

retinoblastoma

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2
Q

s/s of retinoblasstomas

A

whiteish glow in pupil called leukocoria or cat eye reflex

strabismus like covering one eye to focus or bumping into things

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3
Q

teaching after removal of retinoblastoma

A

protect remaining eye

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4
Q

s/s of increase ICP in 6yr old

A
HA
N/V
vision changes 
seizures
temp increase 
extreme swings in BP
changes in RR and HR
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5
Q

What is a unique syymptom of increased ICP in infants

A

bulging/tense fontinels

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6
Q

if someone had a head injury/surgery and after treatment they have a runny nose what should you do

A

check to see if its CSF with a glucose test

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7
Q

s/s meningitis in infants

A
fever 
vomit 
bulging fontinels 
high pitch cry 
feeding difficulties 
nucal rigidity
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8
Q

How to diag meningitis

A

lumbar or spinal tap for culture

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9
Q

What treatment is important for neuro pat esp with increased ICP and why

A

low maintenance fluids

bec it can prevent further increases in ICP or cerebral edema

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10
Q

Should you ever move a seizure pat

A

no

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11
Q

Should you record the length of the seizure

A

yes

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12
Q

What is the biggest risk fact for cerebral palsy

A

premature birth

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13
Q

s/s of spastic cerebral palsy

A

increased mus tone and DTR’s and clonus
contractures
diff with fine and gross motor skills

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14
Q

Most common early sign of cerebral palsy

A

poor head control at 3mo

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15
Q

What is werdnig hoffman dis

A

weakness and loss of skeletal mus due to loss of motor neurons

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16
Q

prog of werdnig hoff

A

death by age two

17
Q

What scenario might point to werdnig hoffmans dis

A

meeting motor milestone normally until sudden decrease in abilities like riding a bike

18
Q

what cast is given for dev dysplasia of hip

A

hip spicka cast

19
Q

s/s of dev hip dysplasia

A

asym of gluteal folds
hip clicks or clunks on exam
limited abduction of hip

20
Q

RF’s for dev hip dysplasia

A

females

left side

21
Q

other reduction device besides spicka cast for dev hip dysplasia

A

pavlik harness

22
Q

home teaching for skin integrity

A

pedal the casts edges so urine doesnt get on skin
make sure openings are water proof
clean exposed skin with water and soak
make sure cast isnt tight enough to cause blanching

23
Q

longterm complications of untreated dev hip dysplasia if untreated by 2

A

bone deformities
shorter limb on affected side
long periods of casting and reduction

24
Q

teaching for untreated hip dysplasia

A

toileting needs
healthy diet to prevent constipation
place in comfortable position like prone
monitor for pressure ulcers
small freq meals to help reduce stomach pressure against the cast

25
Q

What is osteogenesis imprefecta

A

mutation in genes that make collagen so they cant form strong bones

26
Q

care for OI pats

A

saftey to prevent factures

so for IV placement make sure to be gentle

27
Q

how to screen for scoliosis

A

nurse in chair, child facing away. have child extent arms out and connect hands then have them slowly bend forward at the waist. monitor for signs of assymetry

28
Q

treatment of scoliosis

A

bracing is usu first line like a milwaukee
surg with rods
pain managment

29
Q

What type of injury is a usu cause of DI

A

head injury

30
Q

What is the med form of ADH

A

vasopressin

31
Q

Treatment for DI

A

vasopressin

32
Q

Differences of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus

A

type two onset is later in life and is higher precentage of dia pats
type 1 tend to be underweight and 2 are overweight
type 1 has large amount of antibodies (bec its autoimmune)
type 2 doesnt always need insulin

33
Q

Main signs of type 1 dia

A

poly
phagia
dipsia
uria

34
Q

Exercise teaching for dia

A

eat before strenuous activities

35
Q

What type of insulin regimen is typical for dia

A

twice daily with a rapid and an intermediate acting insulin