Hematolgy II

Question 1

Normal level of neutrophils:

Answer 1

1500 to 7000 neutrophils per mm3 of blood.

Question 2

Mild Neutropenia:

Answer 2

when the ANC falls below a lower limit of 1500 per mm3 (1.5 x 109/l), but remains higher than 1000 per mm3 (1.0 x 109/l).

Question 3

Moderate Neutropenia:

Answer 3

when the ANC falls between 500 per mm3 and 1000 per mm3 (0.5 x 109/l – 1.0 x 109/l)
* antibiotics prophilaxis.

Question 4

Severe Neutropenia:

Answer 4

when the ANC falls below 500 per mm3 (0.5 x 109/l).

* needs isolation

Question 5

Common presenting symptoms of

neutropenia include the following:

Answer 5

• Low-grade fever
• Sore mouth
• Odynophagia
• Gingival pain and swelling
• Skin abscesses
• Recurrent sinusitis and otitis
• Symptoms of pneumonia (eg, cough, dyspnea)
• Perirectal pain and irritation

Question 6

Patients with agranulocytosis
usually present with the
following:

Answer 6

• Sudden onset of malaise
• Sudden onset of fever, possibly with chills and prostration
• Stomatitis and periodontitis accompanied by pain
• Pharyngitis, with difficulty swallowing

Question 7

What is the cause of increased eosinophils?

Answer 7

• Infections (especially helminthic parasites)
• Allergic responses
• Neoplasms
• Connective tissue disorders
• Medications
• Endocrinopathies

Question 8

Allergy or inflammation (basophils):

Answer 8

• Ulcerative colitis
• Drug, food, inhalant hypersensitivity
• Erythroderma, urticaria
• Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Question 9

Endocrinopathy (basophils):

Answer 9

• Diabetes mellitus
• Estrogen administration
• Hypothyroidism (myxedema)

Question 10

Infection (basophils):

Answer 10

• Chicken pox
• Influenza
• Smallpox
• Tuberculosis

Question 11

Other causes of increased basophils:

Answer 11

• Iron deficiency

- Exposure to ionizing radiation