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MTAP 2 SPECIFICS > Hema exam reviewer > Flashcards

Hema exam reviewer Flashcards

1
Q

Lymphocytes disorders

Deficiency of hexosaminidase A

A

Tay-sachs disease

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2
Q

Lymphocytes disorders

Reduced Immunoglobulins production in blood

A

Bruton Agammaglobulinemia

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3
Q

Lymphocytes disorders

Reduced production of Ig due to overactivity of t8 cells

A

Common variable hypogammaglobulin

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4
Q

Lymphocytes disorders

Underdevelopment of thymus

A

Nezelof’s syndrome

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5
Q

Lymphocytes disorders

Deletion of small piece of chromosome 22

A

Di Geroge’s syndrome

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6
Q

Lymphocytes disorders

Loss of Both T and B cells function

A

Swiss-type agammaglobulinemia

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7
Q

Lymphocytes disorders

Failure of T cell response

Only IgA and IgG are present, IgM is absent

A

Wiscott-aldrich syndrome

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8
Q

Lymphocytes disorders

Decreased T cell production
Spider veins

A

Ataxia Telangiectasia

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9
Q

Monocyte macrophage disorder

Deficiency of glucocerebrosidase

A

Gaucher’s disease

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10
Q

Most common lysosomal lipid storage disease

A

Gaucher’s disease

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11
Q

Monocyte macrophage disorder

Deficiency of sphingomyelinase

A

Niemann-Pick disease

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12
Q

Monocyte macrophage disorder

Macrophage with cholesterol overload due to increase in foam cells

A

Schiller-Christian disease

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13
Q

Function disorder

Random movement of phagocytes is NORMAL
Directional motility is IMPAIRED

A

Job’s syndrome

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14
Q

Function disorder

BOTH random and directional motility is impaired

A

Lazy leukocyte syndrome

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15
Q

Function disorder

Intracellular mechanism of granulocyte is defective

A

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

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15
Q

Function disorder

Have half the normal C3 Activity
Homozygous carriers fail to opsonize bacteria

A

Congenital C3 Deficiency

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16
Q

Function disorder

MPO is decreased or absent in PMN and monocytes

A

Myeloperoxidase deficiency

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17
Q

Nucleus disorder

Abnormal DNA synthesis

A

Hypersegmented neutrophil

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18
Q

Nucleus disorder

Decreased segmentation in neutrophil

Pince nez appearance

Defect mutation in Lamin B

A

Pelger-Huet anomaly

19
Q

Nucleus disorder

Has less dense nuclei with hypo granular cytoplasm

A

Pseudo Pelger-Huet anomaly

20
Q

Cytoplasm disorder

Accumulation of degraded mucopolysaccharides

A

Alder-reily anomaly

21
Q

Cytoplasm disorder

Has large peroxidase lysosomes inclusions that are deficient in enzymes for phagocytosis

A

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

22
Q

Cytoplasm disorder

Dohle bodies, Thrombocytopenia, Giant platelets, and leukopenia

Mutation in MYH9 gene

A

May-Hegglin anomaly

23
Q

Normal cell with a biconcave disk shape with increased surface

A

Discocyte

24
Q

Cell with central area of hemoglobin surrounded by colorless area and a peripheral ring

Caused by excessive cholesterol in the membrane or hemoglobin distribution imbalance

A

Targe Cells / Mexican Hat / Bull’s eye cells/ Codocytes

25
Q

RBC that lacks the central pallor

Caused by spectrin deficiency

A

Spherocyte

26
Q

Abnormal RBC with spines, spicules, or thorny projection

Abnormal membrane defect caused by an increase spingomyelin and decrease in cholesterol and phospholipid

A

Acanthocyte / Spurr Cell / Thorny cell

27
Q

Pocket book roll

Cell membrane is folded

A

Biscuit cell / Folded RBC

28
Q

Cell with irregularly spaced blunt processes, resembles crenated RBC

Abonrmal lipid content of the membrane

A

Burr Cell

29
Q

Cell with eccentric vacuoles due to the plucked-out HEINZ BODIES

Defect is G6PD deficiency resulting to accumulation of Heinz bodies

A

Blister cell / Bite Cell

30
Q

RBC with blunt or pointed, short projections that are usually evenly spaced over the surface of cell

Have evenly spaced round projections; central pallor are present

Defects: ATP deficiency due to prolong storage of anticoagulated blood
Due to abnormal lipid content of the membrane

A

Echinocyte / Crenated Cell / Sea Urchin Cell

31
Q

Cells appear in the shape of a teardrop or pear

Abnormal maturation, squeezing and fragmentation during splenic passage

A

Tear drop cell / Dacrocyte

32
Q

Sausage - shaped, oval, pencil form, egg shape, cigar - shaped

Abnormal membrane due to defective spectrin and deficiency in band protein 4.1

A

Elliptocyte/Ovalocyte

33
Q

Shape shows thin, elongated, pointed ends and will appear crescent shaped; lack a central pallor

S,V,L shaped

Crescent shape cell due to abnormal aggregation of Hb S which gives a tendency for the cell to assume the shape

A

Sickle cell / Drepanocyte / Menisocyte

34
Q

Triangular shape, defragmented form

Defects in cell fragmentation due to TRAUMA caused by PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL AGENTS

A

Schistocyte / Helmet cell

35
Q

Characterized by an elongated or slit-like area of central pallor

Caused by osmotic changes due to cation imbalance

A

Stomatocyte / Hydrocyte / Mouth cells

36
Q

Blue berry bagel appearance

Punctuate basophilia due to deficiency in pyrimidine 5’ - nucleotidase enzyme

Content is precipitated RNA / Remnants of RNA

A

Basophilic stippling of RBC

37
Q

Basophilic stippling of RBC most common associated disease

A

LEAD POISONING and PICA

38
Q

Composed of Chromatin material (DNA)

Not commonly seen in normal erythrocytes because it is pitted by splenic macrophages

A

Howell-Jolly bodies

39
Q

Indicative of faulty IRON utilization in the synthesis of hemoglobin

Composed of FERRIC IRON

A

Pappenheimer bodies / Siderotic granules

40
Q

Indicative of disturbed hemoglobin synthesis and breakdown

NOT VISIBLE TO WRIGHT STAIN

Content is DENATURED HEMOGLOBIN

A

Heinz Bodies

41
Q

Looped or figure of eight shape or ring with red-purple color arranged in linear pattern

Indicative of DEFECTIVE REGENERATIVE ACTIVITY

Composed of Remnant of mitotic spindles or microtubules

A

Cabot Rings

42
Q

Caused by instability of Hb H

Content is precipitated of Beta globin chains of hemoglobin

A

Hemoglobin H inclusion

43
Q

Acute post hemorrhagic anemia
Hemolytic anemia
Marrow hypoplasia
Aplastic anemia
Marrow infiltration
Kidney and liver disease
Endocrine deficiencies
Anemia of chronic disease

A

Normochromic normocytic anemia

44
Q

Disorders of iron metabolism
IDA
Anemia of chronic disease
Congenital hypochromic

A

Microcytic anemia

45
Q

Cobalamin Deficiency (B12 def)
Decreased ingestion
Competitive parasite
Fish tapeworm infestation
Folate deficiency
Lack of vegetable
Alcoholism

A

Macrocytic anemia

46
Q
A

MTAP 2 SPECIFICS (6 decks)

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